Tyrosine kinase oncogenes such as p210BCR-ABL activate multiple signal pathways. As a result, it is difficult to infer the functional relevance of a pathway acting alone or in cooperation with another. One or 2 second-tier kinases represented in the p21ras and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI-3-kinase) pathways (activated RafCAAX and gag-akt, respectively) were expressed in parental H7 interle...

Tyrosine kinase oncogenes such as p210BCR-ABL activate multiple signal pathways. As a result, it is difficult to infer the functional relevance of a pathway acting alone or in cooperation with another. One or 2 second-tier kinases represented in the p21ras and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI-3-kinase) pathways (activated RafCAAX and gag-akt, respectively) were expressed in parental H7 interle...

Inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs) are a diverse group of signaling molecules that function in a wide range of cellular roles, from the inhibition of caspases to the promotion of cell-cycle progression. These diverse functions may well be linked to the many different domains that are contained within different proteins in the family. IAP family members were first described as inhibitors of apoptosi...

Prostate carcinogenesis involves transformation of zinc-accumulating normal epithelial cells to malignant cells, which do not accumulate zinc. In this study, we demonstrate by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry that physiological levels of zinc inhibit activation of nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B transcription factor in PC-3 and DU-145 human prostate cancer cells, reduce expression of NF-kapp...

of A20 downregulate NF-kappaB signalling. Nature 430, 694–699. 7. Lee, T.H., Shank, J., Cusson, N., and Kelliher, M.A. (2004). The kinase activity of Rip is not required for tumor necrosis factor-alphainduced IkappaB kinase or p38 MAP kinase activation or for the ubiquitination of Rip by Traf2. J. Biol. Chem. 279, 33 85–33 9 . 8. Santoro, M.M., Samuel, T., Mitchell, T., Reed, J.C., and Stainier...

X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) is a potent suppressor of apoptotic cell death, which functions by directly inhibiting caspases, the principal effectors of apoptosis. Here we report that XIAP can also function as a cofactor in the regulation of gene expression by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta). XIAP, but not the related proteins c-IAP1 or c-IAP2, associated with sever...