A key skill in early human development is the ability to comprehend communicative intentions as expressed in both nonlinguistic gestures and language. In the current studies, we confronted domestic dogs (some of whom knew many human 'words') with a task in which they had to infer the intended referent of a human's communicative act via iconic signs--specifically, replicas and photographs. Both ...

To investigate the influence of sign phonology and iconicity during sign processing in deaf children, the roles of these sign features were examined using an experimental sign-picture verification paradigm. Participants had to make decisions about sign-picture pairs, manipulated according to phonological sign features (i.e., hand shape, movement, and location) and iconic sign features (i.e., tr...

This study investigates the communicational role that iconic hand gestures (see McNeill 1985) play in everyday talk. When we talk about iconic gestures, we are referring to very special sorts of hand movements, which most people produce unconsciously, and which seem to convey meaning associated with the content of spontaneous speech. Iconic gestures must be distinguished from all other types of...

Despite the existence of the slow-moving vehicle (SMV) emblem for almost 50 years, there continues to be a large number of preventable accidents between SMVs and other motorists. In this study, the current SMV emblem was tested against other common road signs as well as alternative slow-moving vehicle emblems to determine motorist comprehension of the signs. An open-ended test method was used t...

In sign languages, there are the signs reflecting some characteristic features of semantics a given part speech (mostly nouns or verbs). This circumstance shows proven connection between and signifier in languages. These types called iconic. They easy to recognize, thanks these iconic signs, rate mutual understanding communication Deaf hard hearing people who do not have knowledge common langua...

Research shows that scientists tend to be less religious than the general population, and scientists’ affiliation participation have declined over time (Ecklund & Park, 2009; Ecklund et al., 2008). Given demographic differences between it was predicted who are would regarded as having a counter-stereotypical combination of social identities. However, across five studies, we found people’s o...

The mobile era of electronic communication has created a huge semiotic system, constructed out of triadic components envisaged by the American scientist and philosopher Charles S. Peirce (1839–1914), such as icons, indices and symbols, and signs, objects and interpretants. Iconic signs bear a physical resemblance to what they represent. Indices point at something and say “there!”, and symbols s...

Although clinical picture of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a stereotypical one, resulting from combination of signs secondary to dysfunction of both upper motor neuron (UMN) and lower motor neuron (LMN), clinical heterogeneity is a consistent feature of the disease. Age of onset, relative mix of UMN and LMN signs, duration of the disease and association with other conditions are major ...