The effect of verapamil on K-stimulated 45Ca uptake (the difference between uptake in 60 mM-Ko medium and 5 mM-Ko medium) was studied using a synaptosomal fraction from rat brain. Verapamil inhibited K-stimulated 45Ca uptake, but not 45Ca uptake in 5 mM-Ko media (1 mM- and 0.1 mM-Cao media). The concentrations of verapamil inducing 50% inhibition of K-stimulated 45Ca uptake (ID50) in 1 mM- and ...

JL3, 10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)pyrido[4,3-b][1,4]benzothiazepine, has potent antidepressant-like activity in Porsolt's test in mice. Therefore, its influence on the electrical activity of central monoaminergic neurons was investigated in rats anaesthetized with chloral hydrate. JL3 induced a marked decrease of the firing rate of dorsal raphe serotonergic neurons (ID50 = 3.87 +/- 0.57 mg kg-1) ...

In this study, we investigated the protective action of glucuronopyranoside flavonoids (QGC, AGC, LGC) on gastritis in rats. QGC, AGC and omeprazole decreased the gastric volume significantly, and each ID50 was 0.75, 0.54 and 8.5 mg/kg, respectively, thus the order of potency was AGC, QGC and omeprazole. They also decreased acid output, and each ID50 was 7.81, 0.58 and 6.71 mg/kg, respectively,...

Despite intensive studies on sheep scrapie, a number of questions remain unanswered, such as the natural mode of transmission and the amount of infectivity which accumulates in edible tissues at different stages of scrapie infection. Studies using the mouse model proved to be useful for recognizing scrapie strain diversity, but the low sensitivity of mice to some natural scrapie isolates hamper...

abstract water is the most common carier used to dilute herbicides and their application. researches had shown that water quality is an important factor in some herbicide efficacy. in order to study the effect of water hardness on 2,4-d efficacy, an experiment was carried out under controlled conditions in 2010 at the college of agriculture, ferdowsi university of mashhad. experimental treatmen...

Laboratory animals have long since been used extensively in bioassays for prions in order to quantify, usually in terms of median infective doses [ID50], how infectious these pathogens are in vivo. The identification of aberrant prion protein as the main component and self-replicating principle of prions has given rise to alternative approaches for prion titration. Such approaches often use pro...

N-(3,5-Dichloro-pyrid-4-yl)-[1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-5-hydroxy-indole-3-yl]-glyoxylic acid amide (AWD 12-281) is a highly potent and selective phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor that was designed to have a metabolic profile that was optimized for topical administration. The aim of the current study was to explore the pharmacological profile of intratracheally administered AWD 12-281 in different m...

We evaluated the airway activity of the novel phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibitor SB 207499 [Ariflo; c-4-cyano-4-(3-cyclopentyloxy-4-methoxyp henyl-r-1-cyclohexane carboxylic acid)], in the guinea pig. Ovalbumin (OA)-induced contractions of guinea pig isolated tracheal strips were inhibited by SB 207499 with an EC50 of 1 microM but had little or no effect on exogenous agonist-induced contraction...

Fibrostatins, potent inhibitors of prolyl hydroxylase, were isolated as orange crystals from the culture broth of strain No. 23924, which was identified as Streptomyces catenulae subsp. griseospora. In vitro inhibitory activity (ID50 value) of fibrostatins A, B, C, D, E and F against prolyl hydroxylase of chick embryos was 23, 39, 29, 180, 10 and 14 microM, respectively.