MTD(f) is a new minimax search algorithm, simpler and more efficient than previous algorithms. In tests with a number of tournament game playing programs for chess, checkers and Othello it performed better, on average, than NegaScout/PVS (the AlphaBeta variant used in practically all good chess, checkers, and Othello programs). One of the strongest chess programs of the moment, MIT's parallel c...

Bayesian learning, a statistical method, has been successfully applied to the feature combination stage of the evaluation function of the Othello program BILL, which won the 1989 North American Computer World Othello Championship. We have investigated the use of a novel neural network called HONEST in place of Bayesian learning in BILL. We implemented HONEST in six of BILL's twenty-six evaluati...

This article describes an application of three well{known statistical methods in the eld of game{tree search: using a large number of classi ed Othello positions, feature weights for evaluation functions with a game{phase{independent meaning are estimated by means of logistic regression, Fisher's linear discriminant, and the quadratic discriminant function for normally distributed features. The...

Many different approaches to game playing have been suggested including alpha-beta search, temporal difference learning, genetic algorithms, and coevolution. Here, a powerful new algorithm for neuroevolution, Neuro-Evolution for Augmenting Topologies (NEAT), is adapted to the game playing domain. Evolution and coevolution were used to try and develop neural networks capable of defeating an alph...

The purpose of reinforcement learning system is to learn an optimal policy in general. However, in 2players games such as the othello game, it is important to acquire a penalty avoiding policy. In this paper, we are focused on formation of penalty avoiding policies based on the Penalty Avoiding Rational Policy Making algorithm [2]. In applying it to large-scale problems, we are confronted with ...

William Shakespeare's plays, women play a central role in moving the plot forward. These become catalysts for drama that unfolds, especially tragedies, where reactions of other characters depend on actions women. Desdemona from Othello and Lady Macbeth this their respective plays. Both similar roles even though personalities are vastly different. becomes an almost stereotypical woman once she m...