INTRODUCTION The pathogenesis of bacterial meningitis due to Streptococcus pneumoniae is still unclear. Despite early treatment with antibiotics, its morbidity and mortality is still high. MATERIAL AND METHODS Streptococcus pneumoniae induced rat meningitis models were taken and divided into 2 groups; control (C) and meningitis (M). Western blot was used to detect toll like receptor 4 (TLR4),...

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is considered a cytokine-responsive tumor. However, with the lack of diagnostic screening biomarkers, early diagnosis of RCC is challenging. Our study was investigated the association of IL1 gene polymorphisms and RCC risk. We conducted a case-control study of 291 RCC cases and 463 controls to evaluation the IL1RN of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on RCC risk....

The cytogenetic locations of the genes for protein C (PROC), transition protein 1 (TNP1), intestinal alkaline phosphatase (ALPI), engrailed (EN1), and human protointerleukin beta (IL1B) have been compared between cattle (Bos taurus, BTA) and sheep (Ovis aries, OAR). Bovine YAC and cosmid clones were used as FISH probes to determine the order (centromere to telomere) of four of these genes on OA...

BACKGROUND Polymorphisms of interleukin-1 beta gene (IL1B-511C>T) are considered as risk factor for gastric carcinogenesis, but conflicting data have been reported recently. PATIENTS AND METHODS The distribution of the four major IL1B variants (IL1B-3737C>T, -1464G>C, - 511C>T, -31T>C) were analyzed in 116 and 142 patients with gastric cancer and 'high risk gastritis', respectively, as well a...

Background—There is increasing evidence that the cytokine network is central to the immunopathology of inflammatory airway diseases. The interleukin 1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist (IL-1RN) is a naturally occurring anti-inflammatory agent that binds to the IL-1 receptor but does not possess agonist activity. Each of the genes of the IL-1 locus on chromosome 2q14 is polymorphic. The IL1RN gene cont...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to reproducibly determine if any of the polymorphisms were associated with the susceptibility to brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVM) or the risk of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) presentation. METHODS We recruited 63 BAVM patients and 96 controls. The polymorphisms selected for evaluation were apolipoprotein E (APOE), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF...

A series of host genes that respond to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection are involved in the process of gastric carcinogenesis. This study sought to examine interactions among polymorphisms of H. pylori-related genes PGC, PTPN11, TLR4, and IL1B and assess whether their interaction effects were modified by H. pylori infection. Thirteen polymorphisms of the aforementioned genes were genot...

BACKGROUND Approximately half of recurrent miscarriages have unexplained etiology. Recent evidences suggest that cytokines are important determinants in pregnancy maintenance and as such, cytokine gene polymorphisms, which can affect cytokine production and/or functionality, could play a role in the disorder. Thus, we aimed to investigate the association of selected cytokine gene polymorphisms ...

BACKGROUND Women with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and T-helper (Th)1-type immunity to trophoblast antigens have an increased frequency of the IL1B-511*1 promoter variant. Since CD46 gene products also regulate maternal immune responses including Th1 immunity, we investigated whether CD46 gene polymorphisms are also associated with RPL in women with and without Th1 immunity to trophoblast, an...

IL1 receptor antagonist (IL1RA) and IL1beta (IL1β), members of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 (IL1) family, play a potential role against infection and in the pathogenesis of cancers. The variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism in the second intron of the IL1 receptor antagonist gene (IL1-RN) and a polymorphism in exon 5 of IL1B (IL1B+3954C>T, rs1143634) have been sug...