Substance abuse and dependence are among the most common psychiatric disorders among pregnant and parenting women. These disorders among welfare recipients have attracted special concern. Chemical testing has been proposed to identify illicit drug use in this population. This analysis scrutinizes the potential value of drug testing, using recent data from the Women's Employment Study and the Na...

BACKGROUND Anti-illicit-drug public-service announcements (PSAs) have become a cornerstone of drug policy in the USA. However, studies of the effectiveness of these interventions have not been subjected to a systematic evaluation. METHODS The authors searched 10 electronic databases along with major conference abstract databases (from inception until 15 February 2010) for all articles and abs...

BACKGROUND Illicit drug abuse causes much morbidity and mortality, yet little is known about physicians' screening and intervention practices regarding illicit drug abuse. METHODS We mailed a survey to a national sample of 2000 practicing general internists, family physicians, obstetricians and gynecologists, and psychiatrists to assess their screening and intervention practices for illicit d...

BACKGROUND This study investigates the relationship between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and cigarette smoking, alcohol use and illicit drug use. METHOD The participants were 10,987 pupils in the final three years of their compulsory education in Iceland (ages 14-16 years). The participants completed questionnaires in class relating to anxiety, depression and antie...

background: chronic infection with hepatitis c virus (hcv) is increasingly recognized as a major global health problem. illicit injection drug use is an important risk factor for the rising hepatitis c virus (hcv) prevalence in ir iran. objectives: the objective of this study was to determine the long-term effectiveness (total quality adjusted life years (qalys) gained) of methadone maintenance...

OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to examine the associations between (a) childhood maltreatment (i.e., physical abuse, sexual abuse, and neglect) and subsequent illicit drug use and (b) childhood maltreatment and drug-related problems in young adulthood. METHODS Wave 1 and Wave 3 public-use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health were used. Logistic regression...

OBJECTIVE To estimate factors associated to illicit drug use among patients with mental illness in Brazil according to gender. METHODS A cross-sectional representative sample of psychiatric patients (2,475 individuals) was randomly selected from 11 hospitals and 15 public mental health outpatient clinics. Data on self-reported illicit drug use and sociodemographic, clinical and behavioral cha...

From March to July of 2011, the authors investigated the prospective association between illicit drug use and cognitive functioning during the midadult years. A total of 8,992 participants who were surveyed at 42 years of age in the National Child Development Study (1999-2000) were included. The authors analyzed data on 3 cognitive functioning measures (memory index, executive functioning index...