During migratory stopovers, rufous hummingbirds (Selasphorus rufus (Gmelin, 1788)) can achieve high daily rates of net energy intake and mass gain while foraging at a range of elevations and ambient temperatures, despite the high energetic costs of hovering flight and thermoregulation. To gain insights into the factors affecting the energetic costs incurred during foraging, we captured migrator...

An adult male rufous turtle dove, Streptopelia (S.) orientalis (Aves: Columbiformes), was found dead in Yorii-machi Town, Osato District 369-1217, Saitama Prefecture, Japan, and subjected to necropsy. A large number of immobile hypopi (deutonymphs) of the hypoderatid mite, Hypodectes (H.) propus (Acarina: Hypoderatidae), were found individually encapsulated subcutaneously primarily in the adipo...

This paper pertains to the nesting habits of Ploceus philippinus (Linnaeus, 1766) with specific reference agricultural landscape Tindivanam Taluk, Villupuram District, Tamil Nadu during breeding period between April and October 2021. A total 11,386 nests (wad stage-840, ring stage-478, helmet stage-3,980, egg-chamber closed stage-2,865, completed nests-2,028, abnormal nests-938, damaged nests-2...

Rufous bush robin, Cercotrichas galactotes, nests were experimentally parasitized in order to test which sex is responsible for egg ejection. We tested nests belonging to the same individuals (male, female or pair) in 2 consecutive years. Whether the eggs were rejected did not depend on environmental variables such as laying date and clutch size, and did not change between tests, when the two c...

A core assumption implicit in economic models of animal choice is that subjects assign absolute utilities to options that are independent of the type and number of alternatives available. Humans sometimes appear to violate this assumption and employ relative, as opposed to absolute, currencies when making choices. Recent evidence suggests that animals too might sometimes employ relative choice ...

An assay technique, homogeneous enzyme immunoassay, is described for the quantitative determination of morphine derivatives in biological fluids. An enzyme is labeled with morphine. When the enzymelabeled morphine is bound by antimorphine antibodies, the enzyme is rendered inactive. Free morphine competes with enzyme-morphine for antibody binding sites preventing inhibition of enzyme activity. ...

We present two new distributional country records based on previously misidentified sound recordings: Ocellated Crake, Micropygia schomburgkii (Schomburgk, 1848), in Zamora Chinchipe (Ecuador) and Rufous-faced Laterallus xenopterus Conover, 1934, Madre de Dios (Peru). show supporting spectrograms of recordings provide tools to justify the correct identification trills both species. This range e...