By employing American state-level data from 1999 to 2008, this paper explores how the recent immigrant influx has influenced public welfare spending in the American states. By integrating the race/ethnicity and globalization compensation theory, I hypothesize that immigration will increase welfare spending in states with a bleak job market and exclusive state immigrant welfare policy; in contra...

abstract background: gifted individuals have exclusive personality traits and need various experiences to achieve more information about themselves and their ability into developmental process from giftedness to talent. also, they can increase mental experiences and obtain greater self- actualization with recognition of the level of challenges, values and their personality traits. the aim of th...

Sentience involves having some degree of awareness but awareness of self is not as complex as some people believe. Fully functioning vertebrate animals, and some invertebrates, are sentient but neither humans nor non-humans are sentient early in development or if brain-damaged. Feelings are valuable adaptive mechanisms and an important part of welfare but are not all of welfare so the term welf...

OBJECTIVE To assess the awareness among chest physicians, ophthalmologists and patients about use of eye drops with particular reference to beta blockers such as timolol as an agent of aggravating breathlessness in predisposed subjects. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHOD A survey of 20 chest physicians, 20 ophthalmologists and 200 patients suffering from obstructive airway disease was con...

The Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program provides cash assistance to very-low-income families with children. Application procedures receive TANF benefits, however, often involve substantial transaction costs likely reduce take-up. Using a randomized controlled trial design, we estimate the marginal effects of personalized telephone-call reminder increase application completion...

In fiscal year 1984, public social welfare expenditures’ reached $672.0 billion, an increase of 4.7 percent over the amount spent by Federal, State, and local governments in 1983. Measured in constant (1984) dollars, the increase was only 0.5 percent more than the previous year’s amount and was the lowest real increase since 1978-79. Public welfare spending represented 18.2 percent of the gross...