INTRODUCTION: Summer patch is a destructive disease of Poa species including Kentucky bluegrass (P. pratensis) and annual bluegrass (P. annua). It has only been found in the northeast and the northern mid-west of the USA Ring-patch symptoms are most commonly observed in summer, under conditions of sustained high temperatures and heavy rainfall (Jackson, 1993). In southern Ontario and Quebec, th...

Ganoderma boninense is a fungus that can affect oil palm trees and cause a serious disease called the basal stem root (BSR). This disease causes the death of more than 80% of oil palm trees midway through their economic life and hexaconazole is one of the particular fungicides that can control this fungus. Hexaconazole can be applied by the soil drenching method and it will be of interest to kn...

The main objective of this study is the modelling and optimization of an industrial Hydrocracker Unit (HU) by means of Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) model. In this case, some data were collected from an industrial hydrocracker plant. Inputs of an ANFIS include flow rate of fresh feed and recycle hydrogen, temperature of reactors, mole percentage of H2 and H2S, feed flow rate and...

Simulation models are important parts of industrial system analysis and control system design. Despite the wide range of possible usage, their formalization, integration and design have not been satisfactorily solved. This paper contributes to the design phase of simulation models for large-scale industrial systems, consisting of a large number of heterogeneous components. Nowadays, it is the s...

Societies before the Industrial Revolution were dependent on the annual cycle of plant photosynthesis for both heat and mechanical energy. The quantity of energy available each year was therefore limited, and economic growth was necessarily constrained. In the Industrial Revolution, energy usage increased massively and output rose accordingly. The energy source continued to be plant photosynthe...

I created a Shanxi Province GIS -based Planning Support System (SPGPSS) for transportation and industrial plant location studies of the cokemaking sector in Shanxi Province. By integrating database, map viewer, scripts, and professional models in the GIS environment, on the provincial level, I designed the SPGPSS to have capabilities of optimizing plant locations, transport routes and modes und...

Spongospora subterranea is responsible for significant potato root and tuber disease globally. Study of this obligate (non-culturable) pathogen that infects below-ground plant parts is technically difficult. The capacity to measure the dynamics and patterns of root infections can greatly assist in determining the efficacy of control treatments on disease progression. This study used qPCR and hi...

Effective and sustained control of fungal pathogens and nematodes is an important issue for all agricultural systems. Global losses caused by pathogens are estimated to be 12% of the potential crop production [1], despite the continued release of new resistant cultivars and pesticides. Furthermore, fungi are continually becoming resistant to existing resistance genes and fungicides, and a few o...