extended abstract 1. introduction urbanization is a process which leads to the growth of cities and urban changes due to industrialization and economic development. in other words, urbanization is an inevitable and demographic force and movement which should not be neglected. informal settlements, which took place in europe after the industrial revolution at the time of the transition from the ...

OBJECTIVE To examine the relative effectiveness of brief interventions comprising an information booklet with and without a brief motivational interview and an informal discussion in reducing alcohol use following traumatic brain injury. PARTICIPANTS Sample of 60 participants with traumatic brain injury (mean age = 35 years) with preinjury history of alcohol use. RESEARCH DESIGN Randomized ...

Axelrod’s seminal work describes circumstances in which the goals of the formal organization’s military network become derailed by powerful informal networks built up amongst soldiers during the First World War. This paper considers payoffs of both informal soldiers’ network and that of the formal military bureaucracy. The paper aims to analyze specific factors and circumstances that allow info...

OBJECTIVES This article aims to assess the relationship between the monetary value of informal care - approximated with the caregiver's willingness to pay to reduce caregiving time - and the caregiver's need of three types of support services: care training, respite care and support group. Developing such services may be the only way to provide sustainable informal care in the future, along wit...

The IFETS discussion model is, I believe, a powerful one which has been making an important contribution to academic debate and knowledge sharing online since mid-1998. Although there has been intermittent informal discussion about the process itself, I don't believe it has come up for formal discussion over the last few years. Therefore, given the pace of developments in the nature of online c...

a r t i c l e i n f o The process of making decisions in business requires, among other things, the efficient management of information to do with employee competencies. Dealing solely with competencies that employees learn in institutional contexts, however, is insufficient, as employees also acquire competencies through informal learning activities outside the organization. If an organization...

The evidence of the impact of informal care provision on the health of carers presents a complex and contested picture, depending on the characteristics of the care studied, including its duration, which has been relatively short in previous research (up to 4 years). Drawing on data from the Office for National Statistics Longitudinal Study, a 1% sample of linked Census records for respondents ...

The study of fallacies is at the heart of argumentation studies. In response to Hamblin’s devastating critique of the state of the theory of fallacies in 1970, both formal dialectical and informal approaches to fallacies developed. In the current paper, we focus on an influential informal approach to fallacies, part of the pragma-dialectical theory of argumentation. Central to the pragma-dialec...