PURPOSE An early study claimed that ethanol ingestion can attenuate binocular rivalry and, in some cases, may produce the phenomenal fusion of normally rivalrous stimuli. The current study examined those claims in an experiment incorporating key controls that were lacking in the earlier study. METHODS There were two conditions, one in which observers consumed ethanol and the other in which th...

nutritional incides have important role in economical efficiency of silkworm rearing. in order to estimate nutritional indices six silkworm hybrids including 103×104, 31×32, 107×110, 104×103, 32×31 and 110×107 which were commercially used in iran for cocoon production were tested. these hybrids were reared in spring 2003, spring 2004 and autumn 2004. the studied parameters were amount of ingest...

A 65-year-old diabetic woman presented to our clinic with a 10-day history of spasmodic lower abdominal pain, which eventually localized to the left iliac fossa. It was associated with low-grade fever for 3 days. Abdominal examination showed localized tenderness, guarding, and increased temperature. A tender, firm, non-mobile mass was palpated in the same region. Laboratory studies revealed leu...

Except in some of the lower orders, virtual constancy of the volume of body water is a prerequisite for the normal function and indeed the survival of the organism. In terrestrial animals, particularly, adaptive mechanisms provide for physiological regulation of the amounts of water which leave and enter the body. Although solid foods provide a considerable quantity of pre-formed water to the b...

Health authorities recommend higher fibre and lower salt content in bread products. However, these basic ingredients of bread composition are multifunctional, and important changes in their content influence the texture, flavour and acceptability of the product. This study was designed to investigate the link between oral processing, bolus formation and sodium release during the consumption of ...

Authors present an 80-year-old male attending with obstructive food bolus. Lateral soft tissue neck x-ray demonstrated a suspected calcified foreign body at the level of the larynx. Subsequent senior radiological input reported the findings as incidental calcification of carotid arteries. ENT surgeons should demonstrate increased awareness for potentially calcified soft tissues on interpreting ...

It has been recognized that mandibular movements evoke head movements during jaw tapping. However there have been only a few studies that investigated the aspects of head movements during mastication. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the hypothesis that the head moves actively in mastication in order to achieve effective destruction of a food bolus. Head and mandibular movements d...