OBJECTIVE To determine the extent to which Chinese American and white minors differ in age of smoking initiation, and to determine the effect of acculturation on smoking initiation. DESIGN Cross-sectional telephone surveys. SETTING Stratified random samples of the state of California, United States. SUBJECTS 347 Chinese American and 10 129 white adolescents aged 12 through 17 years, from ...

background: smoking is an important risk factor for many and may decrease quality and quantity life. this study was performed to determine the prevalence and related factors of the smoking in high school girls in kermanshah in year 2004. methods: the random- cluster sampling method was used in a descriptive–analytic designed study. 3150 girl students from three educational area of kermanshsh ci...

OBJECTIVE To determine smoking trends in Japan in comparison with lung cancer mortality. METHODS Age-specific smoking prevalence among cohorts born between 1897 and 1985 were determined for the period 1949-2010. The percentages of the cohorts born between 1893 and 1979 who initiated smoking early (e.g. before the age of 20 years) were determined. The results were compared against lung cancer ...

INTRODUCTION To assess the socio-economic gradient in early smoking initiation at age 11 years and the extent to which any inequality was explained after accounting for longitudinal exposure to adult smoking. METHODS Analysis of the UK Millennium Cohort Study, based on 9, 609 children from ages 9 months to 11 years. The outcome was smoking initiation by age 11. Odds ratios (ORs) for smoking i...

Higher rates of smoking initiation and continuation by female compared with male adolescents, as found in many developed countries, may call for gender-specific prevention programs. Risk factors of smoking initiation and continuation were examined prospectively (1997-2002) among 3205 Dutch elementary schoolchildren (mean age 11.64) in an intervention trial using written questionnaires and multi...

Both genetic and environmental factors affect smoking initiation and maintenance, but less is known about the genetic architecture of various other smoking-related behaviors. The aim of this study is to examine the genetic architecture of smoking behavior in a large twin cohort. Questionnaires with an extensive smoking history section were mailed to same-sex adult twins of the Finnish twin coho...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between age at cigarette smoking initiation and smoking level among adolescent current smokers. METHODS In 2007, students from one or two classes of the 10th or 11th grade were randomly selected using the probability proportional to size sampling method. In total, 743 current smokers were included. Multiple logistic regressi...

OBJECTIVES Smoking prevalence is slow to reduce among Indigenous Australians of reproductive age. We analysed the relationships between age of smoking initiation, recalled initiation influences and self-assessment of smoking risks in Aboriginal smokers. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A community-based cross-sectional survey of Aboriginal smokers aged 18-45 years (N=121; 58 men) was undertak...