OBJECTIVE To investigate factors associated with a woman's willingness to pay (WTP) for injectable contraceptives in Tigray, Ethiopia. METHODS We used a multistage random sampling design to generate a representative sample of reproductive age women from the Central Zone of Tigray, Ethiopia to participate in a survey (N = 1490). Respondents who had ever used injectable contraceptives or who we...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether community-based health workers in a rural region of Ethiopia can provide injectable contraceptives to women with similar levels of safety, effectiveness and acceptability as health extension workers (HEWs). METHODS This was a prospective non-randomized community intervention trial designed to test the provision of injectable contraceptives by community-based rep...

Although the use of injectable anesthesia prior to subgingival scaling and root planing (SRP) reduces pain, many patients report fear and prolonged numbness of adjacent tissues. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of a eutectic mixture containing 25 mg/g of lidocaine and 25 mg/g of prilocaine, injectable 2% lidocaine, topical 2% benzocaine and a placebo substance on reducing...

background: bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cellscan transdifferentiate into cardiomyocyte cells and improveheart function after transplantation. since biomaterials canimprove the cell retention in the site, cell survival and differentiation,heart tissue engineering is now being explored as anapplied solution to support cell-based therapies and increasetheir efficacy for myocardial diseases. ch...

Strategies for spinal cord injury repair are limited, in part, by poor drug delivery techniques. A novel drug delivery system (DDS) is being developed in our laboratory that can provide localized release of growth factors from an injectable gel. The gel must be fast-gelling, non-cell adhesive, degradable, and biocompatible as an injectable intrathecal DDS. A gel that meets these design criteria...

Injectable hydrogels as an important biomaterial class have been widely used in regenerative medicine. A series of injectable poly(L-glutamic acid)/chitosan (PLGA/CS) hydrogels were fabricated by selfcrosslinking aldehyde-modified PLGA (PLGA–CHO) and lactic acid-modified chitosan (CS–LA). The oxidation degree of PLGA–CHO and degree of substitution (DS) of CS–LA could be adjusted by the amount o...

background: as a major responsibility, health authorities must control rational prescription of drugs (rud). a way to analyze the regional status of drug prescription is the who’s recommended indices. the purpose of the study was to determine the status of drug prescriptions in pharmacies of healthcare centers under the authority of tehran university of medical sciences based on the who indices...

BACKGROUND Use of patient-reported outcomes to assess the care of individuals with schizophrenia is increasing. We describe a survey (questionnaire) that evaluates patient opinions on long-acting injectable antipsychotic medication. METHODS Psychiatrists throughout France selected consenting patients with schizophrenia who had received at least three months' treatment with a long-acting injec...

Trichosanthin (TCS) whose molecular weight is 26000.0 (hereafter called injectable TCS) is a type I ribosome-inactivating protein possessing various pharmacological properties including anticancer effect, inducing mid-term abortion, immunomodulation and anti-HIV activities. Especially, its anticancer effect is more important. In clinic, injectable TCS has been used to treat chorioblastoma as an...