The civic integrationist turn usually refers to the stricter requirements for residence and citizenship that many states have implemented since the late 1990's. But what of other policy spheres that are essential for the formation of citizens? Is there a civic turn in school policy? And does it follow the pattern of residence and citizenship? This article addresses these questions through a com...

conclusions the number of linguistic studies on language and speech therapy is more than that of the studies in which clinical data are used to study the theories and hypotheses. therefore, it is necessary to consider this area seriously and guide the studies toward the theories proposed in the related disorders. thus, attention must be paid to pragmatic and semantic domains of the disorder whi...

Applied linguistics and educational are part of linguistics. Someone who is interested in studying this science must be able to distinguish it have a deep perspective. The purpose literature review investigate the differences, similarities, scope, relationships between these two disciplines. This discussion based on secondary sources focuses applied linguistics, course, as topics discussion. st...

 Integration has had a bad press in recent years. Feminists and spokesmen for racial and ethnic minorities express concern that the integrationist agenda requires women and members of minorities to divest themselves of features of their “identities” in order to approximate to a restrictive white male ideal which, they hold, should not be a requirement for fair treatment and social benef...

The objective of this research is to establish a connection between Arabic theoretical linguistics and modern linguistics, taking different approach from the common assumption that later theories are solely attributed Arab grammarians rhetoricians. To achieve this, study will examine linguistic achievements perspective highlight commonalities differences past present theories. Additionally, del...

The main message of this paper is that systemism is best suited for transdisciplinary studies. A description of disciplinary sciences, transdisciplinary sciences and systems sciences is given, along with their different definitions of aims, scope and tools. The rationale for transdisciplinarity is global challenges, which are complex. The rationale for systemism is the concretization of underst...

This paper argues that changes in intergovernmental relations in Japan in the post-war period are best understood in terms of an integrationist as opposed to a separationist model. While the latter model emphasizes the benefits of autonomy for local governments and of competition among them, the former stresses the benefits of minimizing coordination problems and building capacity through the s...

In this study, we attempt to bring to light various organisational and implementational clashes relevant to the conceptualisation of language policies at national level, and the planning of local practices with regard to degree programmes, language journals and conferences in Iranian higher education. We also prove that in its current status, the ELT syllabus in Iran, both at national and local...