introduction: control of post thoracotomy pain is particularly important in prevention of post operative respiratory complications. several methods are proposed for control of postoperative pain. cryoanalgesia by freezing of intercostal nerves is able to providing long term pain relief in post operative period which probably results in cutaneous sensory changes. methods: this clinical trial stu...

In the treatment of brachial plexus injury, nerves that are functionally less important are transferred onto the distal ends of damaged crucial nerves to help recover neuromuscular function in the target region. For example, intercostal nerves are transferred onto axillary nerves, and accessory nerves are transferred onto suprascapular nerves, the phrenic nerve is transferred onto the musculocu...

A pain after thoracotomy may result in a postoperative hypoventilation and lead to atelectases and pneumonia. This study was aimed to compare two analgesic regimens after posterolateral thoracotomy. 80 patients (40-70 years) undergoing thoracotomy were randomized to intercostal catheter analgesia (group A, n = 40) and intercostal nerve block (group B, n = 40). Patients in group A were given 20 ...

Breast augmentation is currently one of the most common plastic surgery procedures performed worldwide. However, patients who underwent this procedure always complain postoperative sensory changes at nipple areolar complex. The nervous system includes a tactile sensation and an erogenous system, latter being less described commonly overlooked by surgeons performing breast augmentations. supplie...

Purpose: To evaluate the findings and the role of CT in plexiform neurofibromatosis of the mediastinum. Materials and Methods: We retropectively reviewed the CT scans of five patients with plexiform neurofibromatosis of the mediastinum. The CT scans were reviewed with attention to the distribution of the lesions, appearance and attenuation of mediastinal lesions, enhancement pattern after intra...

Patients presenting with pain after breast surgery were selected to undergo resection of intercostal neuromas. The patients had localized Tinel's signs at one or more intercostal nerves at the lateral chest wall with radiation in the distribution of the pain. Patients also responded to diagnostic injections of local anesthetic. The patients were felt to have pain not related to breast implants ...

Thoracic schwannomas are uncommon benign or malignant tumors arising from the mediastinum. Thoracic shwannomas arising from intercostal nerves are even rarer. While the intrinsic etiology of these tumors is unknown, the extrinsic causes of schwannomas have been associated with repetitive trauma or foreign bodies. We describe a 53 year old diabetic male who presented with a large chest wall mass...

The positions of internal intercostal motoneurons within their motor pool were studied, following reinnervation of the intercostal muscles by their original nerves. Six to 9 weeks after proximal nerve section in 10-d-old and adult rats, 0.1 microliter injections of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA)-HRP were made in the distal part of the reinnervated internal intercostal muscle. The corresponding reg...