Inward rectifier potassium (Kir) channel activity is controlled by plasma membrane lipids. Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) binding to a primary site is required for opening of classic inward rectifier Kir2.1 and Kir2.2 channels, but interaction of bulk anionic phospholipid (PL(-)) with a distinct second site is required for high PIP2 sensitivity. Here we show that introduction of a...

Esotropia Figure 1 shows that the patient has esotropia of the left eye or what is commonly known as a squint or strabismus. The squint is an inward squint (synonyms include convergent squint or esodeviation of the eye). Esotropia is a condition where either one or both eyes are turned inward. Congenital esotropia, often seen in infants below six years old, may give rise to amblyopia. Accommoda...

We demonstrate the ability to coherently control ultracold atomic Rb collisions using frequencychirped light on the nanosecond time scale. For certain center frequencies of the chirp, the rate of inelastic trap-loss collisions induced by negatively chirped light is dramatically suppressed compared to the case of a positive chirp. We attribute this to a fundamental asymmetry in the system: an ex...

BACKGROUND Mutations in the KCNJ2 gene, which codes cardiac and skeletal inward rectifying K+ channels (Kir2.1), produce Andersen's syndrome, which is characterized by periodic paralysis, cardiac arrhythmia, and dysmorphic features. METHODS AND RESULTS In 3 Japanese family members with periodic paralysis, ventricular arrhythmias, and marked QT prolongation, polymerase chain reaction/single-st...

We present a ”feedback compression” model to describe the galactic spheroid formation and its relation with the central nuclear activity. We suggest that the star formation itself can serve as the ”positive feedback” in some extremely dense region to trigger the starburst. The star formation rate as well as the related stellar feedback-induced turbulence will be maximized under the regulation o...

An impurity hole observed in the Large Helical Device (LHD) is a hollow density profile of an ion species formed core plasma where negative (inward-pointing) ambipolar radial electric field ($E_r$) exists. Although local neoclassical models have predicted sign $E_r$ plasmas for entire minor radius, experimental measurement has shown that changes from to positive along radius. In present work, w...

We consider the Casimir energy of a thick dielectric-diamagnetic shell under a uniform velocity light condition, as a function of the radii and the permeabilities. We show that there is a range of parameters in which the stress on the outer shell is inward, and a range where the stress on the outer shell is outward. We examine the possibility of obtaining an energetically stable configuration o...

A new rotational flamelet model with inward swirling flow through a stretched vortex tube is developed for sub-grid modeling to be coupled the resolved turbulent combustion. The has critical features compared existing models. (i) Non-premixed flames, premixed or multi-branched flame structures are determined rather than prescribed. (ii) effects of vorticity and related centifugal acceleration d...