Focusing attention to a location in 3-D space operates much the same as in 2-D space. Attending a location in 2-D space is followed by a selective inhibitory aftereffect known as inhibition of return (IOR). Here, we report the results of two 3-D reflexive cuing studies in which depth was defined by binocular disparity. As has been shown before, attentional cuing was specific for x-y-z locations...

Using event-related fMRI, we analyzed the functional neuroanatomy of covert reorienting and inhibition of return (IOR). Covert reorienting to a target appearing within 250 msec after an invalid contralateral location cue elicited increased activation in the left fronto-polar cortex (LFPC), right anterior and left posterior middle frontal gyrus, and right cerebellum, areas that have previously b...

The ability to search and scan the environment effectively is a prerequisite for spatial behavior. A longstanding theory proposes that inhibition of previously attended loci (Inhibition of return; IOR) serves to facilitate exploration by increasing the likelihood to inspect new areas instead of returning to locations that have been inspected before. In this eye movement study we tested whether ...

Lan guage ex pres sions such as ‘it runs in the fam ily’ make ref er ence to the re la tion ship be tween he red ity and be hav ior. Some re search ers and authors have sug gested that a per son’s be hav ior is solely de pend ent upon his gene con stel la tion. In re ac tion to this point of view, be hav ior ists such as Wat son claimed that stimulusresponse chains ex plain hu man be hav ior: O...

Involuntary visual spatial attention is captured when a salient cue appears in the visual field. If a target appears soon after the cue, response times to targets at the cue location are faster relative to other locations. However, after longer cue-target intervals, responses to targets at the cue location are slower, due to inhibition of return (IOR). IOR depends on striatal dopamine (DA) leve...

Inhibition of return (IOR) is an important effect of attention. However, the IOR of emergency managerial experts is unknown. By employing emergency and natural scene pictures in expert-novice paradigm, the present study explored the neural activity underlying the IOR effects for emergency managerial experts and novices. In behavioral results, there were no differences of IOR effects between nov...

In studies of exogenous attentional orienting, response times for targets at previously cued locations are often longer than those for targets at previously uncued locations. This effect is known widely as inhibition of return (IOR). There has been debate as to whether IOR can be observed in discrimination as well as detection tasks. The experiments reported here confirm that IOR can be observe...

Recent evidence has shown that inhibition of return, IOR, is impaired in patients with parietal damage with or without clinical signs of neglect (Bartolomeo, Sieroff, Decaix, & Chokron, 2001; Vivas, Humphreys, & Fuentes, 2003, respectively). In addition to environment-based IOR, Tipper et al. (1991) showed that IOR could be also associated with dynamic, object-based representations. In our stud...

Genetic variability related to the dopamine (DA) transporter gene (DAT1) has received increasing attention as a possible modulator of human cognition. The 9-repeat allele of the DAT1 gene is presumably associated with higher striatal DA levels than the 10-repeat allele, which might support inhibitory control functions. We investigated the impact of the DAT1 gen on the inhibition of return (IOR)...

Saccade latencies are longer prior to an eye movement to a recently fixated location than to control locations, a phenomenon known as oculomotor inhibition of return (O-IOR). There are theoretical reasons to expect that O-IOR would vary in magnitude across different eye movement tasks, but previous studies have produced contradictory evidence. However, this may have been because previous studie...