The main objective of this research is to evaluate the social costs of monopoly in Iranian concentrated industries during 1996-2006. Leibenstein approach has been employed to evaluate the social costs. Leibenstein believed that most monopolistic industries operate inefficiently because of being in the safe margin. Hence, he proposed that the costs of inefficiency be added to the welfare triangl...

The first example for an endohedral transition-metal atom (Ru) sequestered in a seven-coordinate surrounding of rare-earth metal atoms (Pr) has been found for {RuPr3}Cl3. The monocapped trigonal prisms of Pr atoms share two rectangular faces, forming a zigzag chain with Ru-Ru distances of 308 pm. Intracluster bonding is dominated by Ru-Pr bonding with very little Ru-Ru bonding.

Russian Language and Literature in the Modern World: Problems Prospects , 3d International Forum of Iranian Association (IARLL) took place Tehran on February, 25-26, 2023. It was timed to 10th anniversary foundation Association, as well Year Language. Despite difficult international situation, philologists from Iran, Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Georgia, Ukraine, China, Bul...

Iran's relation with one of the largest countries, that is, Russia (The Soviet Union) has under gone many changes. One of the brilliant examples of the changing policies of Russia towards Iran is, no doubt, the years 1941 to 1953. In this period, most of graceful communist parties' rise and fall is making relations between Iran and Russia. Tudeh party, Ferghe Democrate Azerbaijan and Ferghe Dem...

general yermolov's mission in iran (1817) was in response to the iranian foreign minister mirza abolhassan-khan ilchi’s mission to the russian empire. the goal of yermolov's mission was to determine and resolve border disputes between the two countries based on the treaty of golestan (1813). this paper, which is based on iranian and russian sources, reviews the context, goals and achi...

Genomic assessment of local sheep breeds is relevant to the reconstruction post-domestication migrations and filling in gaps developmental history contemporary phylogeographic-differentiation patterns Eurasia. In this study, we aimed reveal possible genetic relationships between Russia Persian Highlands (Iran) based on high-density SNP genotypes. All samples (n = 395) from 11 Iranian 10 Russian...

A Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain (UCBPP-PA14) is infectious both in an Arabidopsis thaliana leaf infiltration model and in a mouse full-thickness skin burn model. UCBPP-PA14 exhibits ecotype specificity for Arabidopsis, causing a range of symptoms from none to severe in four different ecotypes. In the mouse model, UCBPP-PA14 is as lethal as other well-studied P. aeruginosa strains. Mutations in ...