The determination of the Ultimate Pit Limit (UPL) is the first step in the open pit mine planning process. In this stage that parts of the mineral deposit that are economic to mine are determined. There are several mathematical, heuristic and meta-heuristic algorithms to determine UPL. The optimization criterion in these algorithms is maximization of the total profit whilst satisfying...

The process of developing an iron ore mine from exploration data through to informed mining decisions provides an example of a Complex Adaptive System. The detailed composition of an ore body (expressed as a “block model” of regularly spaced rectangular blocks) has to be estimated from initially sparse exploration data, based upon a limited number of drill holes. As planning proceeds, the data ...

According to the publication by US Minerals Survey in 1999, the total reserve of manganese ore in the world is 0.66 billion tons. See Table 1. Table 1 World Manganese ore reserve(Mn metal weight, million tons) __________________________________________ Name of counties Reserve in 1999 __________________________________________ South Africa 370 Ukraine 135 China 40 India 34 Australia 26 Gabon 20...

The "Agios Philippos" mine in the Kirki region (NE Greece) has been abandoned in 1998 after half a century of ore exploration without a reclamation or remediation plan. This article aims at elucidating the potential environmental risks associated with this site by quantifying pollution in tailing basins, stream waters, stream sediments and agricultural fields. Concentrations of heavy metals in ...

Rare earth mine tailing dumps are environmental hazards because tailing easily leaches and erodes by water and wind. To assess the influence of mine tailing on the geochemical behavior of rare earth elements (REEs) in soil, sixty-seven surface soil samples and three soil profile samples were collected from different locations near China's largest rare earth mine tailing. The total concentration...

In order to provide a technical basis for the subsequent concentration and utilization of tailings treatment process in an iron ore mine, achieve objectives cost reduction sustainable development, settling capacity slurry with initial 40% its natural state were tested conjunction pumping supply index beneficiation metal mine. The test results show that particles settle at overall fast rate: bas...

in this paper, iron ore sample from the chadormalu was investigated to determine some comminution properties. chadormalu deposit is one of the largest iron ore mine in iran, which is located in yazd province. the representative ore sample contained 57%fe, 0.9%p and 0.17%s. the sample was crushed; afterward, it was ground in various grinding times according to the bond ball mill approach to spec...

The aim of the present study was to investigate if underground miners exposed to dust and diesel exhaust in an iron ore mine would show signs of airway inflammation as reflected in induced sputum. In total, 22 miners were studied, once after a holiday of at least 2 weeks and the second time after 3 months of regular work. Control subjects were 21 "white-collar" workers. All subjects completed a...