This paper proposes the implicit display theory of verbal irony that overcomes several difficulties of previous irony theories, and then describes a computational model of irony interpretation and generation based on the theory. The theory claims that irony implicitly communicates the fact that its utterance situation is surrounded by ironic environment which has three properties, but hearers c...

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This paper provides a linguistic and pragmatic analysis of the phenomenon of irony in order to represent how Twitter’s users exploit irony devices within their communication strategies for generating textual contents. We aim to measure the impact of a wide-range of pragmatic phenomena in the interpretation of irony, and to investigate how these phenomena interact with contexts local to the twee...

The paper defines the notions of laughter, humour, ridicule and irony in terms of a cognitive model of communication and social action, and analyses some uses of irony and ridiculisation in an Italian trial of high political import, that has been seen as a “degradation ritual” of a whole political class. In ridiculisation, one remarks some lack of power of the other, that contrasts with some pr...

Verbal irony plays an important role in how we communicate and express opinions about the world. While there exist many theories and empirical findings about how people use and understand verbal irony, there is to our knowledge no formal model of how people incorporate shared background knowledge and linguistic information to communicate ironically. Here we argue that a computational approach p...

The research of sentiment analysis has become fascinating with the support of emerging Internet language material. In this paper, irony in Chinese is investigated as a sentiment that has not been meticulously studied. We describe here a set of features and their computational formalization for detecting irony at a linguistic level. Comments from online forum are collected and detected whether i...

This paper describes the system used by the ValenTo team in the Task 11, Sentiment Analysis of Figurative Language in Twitter, at SemEval 2015. Our system used a regression model and additional external resources to assign polarity values. A distinctive feature of our approach is that we used not only wordsentiment lexicons providing polarity annotations, but also novel resources for dealing wi...

We propose a pretense theory of irony based on suggestions by Grice and Fowler. In being ironic, the theory goes, a speaker is pretending to be an injudicious person speaking to an uninitiated audience; the speaker intends the addresses of the irony to discover the pretense and thereby see his or her attitude toward the speaker, the audience, and the utterance. The pretense theory, we argue, is...

Automatically detecting verbal irony (roughly, sarcasm) is a challenging task because ironists say something other than – and often opposite to – what they actually mean. Discerning ironic intent exclusively from the words and syntax comprising texts (e.g., tweets, forum posts) is therefore not always possible: additional contextual information about the speaker and/or the topic at hand is ofte...