Irreversibly sickled cells (ISC) are considered to be a hallmark of sickle cell disease, yet their number in peripheral blood smears varies greatly among different homozygous SS patients. This variation has suggested a role for ISC in the varying clinical manifestations of the disease. Efforts to determine the role of ISC have been complicated by the difficulty in standardizing the quantificati...

The effects of serosally added 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, 100 microM) on the short circuit-current (Isc) across jejunum and ileum taken from fed, starved and undernourished (Gerbillus cheesmani) were investigated. The effects of the neurotoxin, tetrodotoxin (TTX, 10 microM) on the basal Isc as well as on the maximum increase in Isc induced by 5-HT were also studied. There were regional variatio...

Background and aims: The differential diagnosis between Crohn's disease (CD) and ischemic colitis (ISC) is important as their clinical management is different. ISC can easily be misdiagnosed as CD, especially in elderly populations. The distinctive radiographic features of the two disease entities have not been investigated. The aim of this study is to assess the utility of computed tomographic...

Little data exist for the mechanical properties of individual irreversible or reversible sickle cells (ISC and RSC, respectively), nor is the process of ISC formation well understood. For oxygenated ISC and density-fractionated RSC, we have used micropipette techniques to measure cell surface area (SA) and volume (V), membrane shear elastic modulus (mu), time constant for viscoelastic shape rec...

A new assay system is described for the enumeration of antigen-specific IgE immunoglobulin-secreting cells (ISC) based on an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay. Using this technique to monitor the organ distribution of OVA-specific ISC after primary immunization of rats, approximately 12,000 specific IgE ISC were detected at the peak of the response in the draining lymph nodes compared with 11...

In individuals with sickle cell disease, a variable number of irreversibly sickled cells (ISC) is present that may contribute to the pathophysiology of sickle cell anemia. The present study was undertaken to determine the possible role of membrane lipid peroxidation in the genesis of ISC. After 24 hr of simple aerobic incubation, sickle cells accumulated 2-3 times more malonyldialdehyde (MDA), ...

RHOA, a founding member of the Rho GTPase family, is critical for actomyosin dynamics, polarity, and morphogenesis in response to developmental cues, mechanical stress, and inflammation. In murine small intestinal epithelium, inducible RHOA deletion causes a loss of epithelial polarity, with disrupted villi and crypt organization. In the intestinal crypts, RHOA deficiency results in reduced cel...

Chromatin remodeling processes are among the most important regulatory mechanisms in controlling cell proliferation and regeneration. Drosophila intestinal stem cells (ISCs) exhibit self-renewal potentials, maintain tissue homeostasis, and serve as an excellent model for studying cell growth and regeneration. In this study, we show that Brahma (Brm) chromatin-remodeling complex is required for ...

Intestinal epithelial renewal is mediated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) that exist in a state of neutral drift, wherein individual ISC lineages are regularly lost and born but ISC numbers remain constant. To test whether an active mechanism maintains stem cell pools in the Drosophila midgut, we performed partial ISC depletion. In contrast to the mouse intestine, Drosophila ISCs failed to repo...