We report the findings of a longitudinal observational study on HIV-infected patients grouped by presumed transmission group, who had diarrhoea. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of and factors associated with Cryptosporidium infection on these patients. Modifiied formol-ether concentration followed by modified Ziehl-Neelsen and phenol-auramine/carbol-fuchsin staining techn...

Parasitic infections continue to take their toll on HIV positive patients by influencing the blood qualitatively and quantitatively. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in relation to anaemia and CD4 counts among HIV-infected patients in Benin City, Nigeria. Using a serial sampling method, a total of 2000 HIV-infected patients were recr...

A survey of Isospora suis performed in 177 faecal samples from 30 swine farms detected thin wall type I. suis oocysts in seven samples. This type of oocyst measuring 23.9 by 20.7 microns had a retracted thin wall similar to that of the genus Sarcocystis. This type of oocysts, isolated from four different faecal samples, was inoculated in four-five-days-old piglets free of contamination in order...

Cystoisospora is responsible for morbidity in immunocompromised patients. PCR is sensitive for diagnosing Cystoisospora; however, it needs reevaluation for differential molecular diagnosis of cystoisosporiasis. We aimed at evaluating melting curve analysis (MCA) after real-time PCR (qPCR) in diagnosis and genotyping of Cystoisospora as an alternative to conventional PCR. We included 293 diarrhe...

BACKGROUND Cystoisosporiasis is an opportunistic infection seen more commonly in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Although uncommon, Cystoisospora infection can occur in immunocompetent individuals but tend to be benign and self-limiting. Chronic infection however, has been described but diagnosis can often be challenging and requires a high clinical index of suspicion. CASE ...

Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) is a nervous system disease caused by the protozoan Sarcocystis neurona. The clinical syndrome caused by the disease can have a variety of presentations. Classically, horses present with asymmetric ataxia and weakness defined by multifocal central nervous system lesions. Successful management of this disease has been frustrated by failure of treatment su...

To the Editor—In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of nitazoxanide, Rossignol et al. [1] reported excellent therapeutic response in patients with diarrhea caused by Giardia intestinalis and Entamoeba histolytica and/or Entamoeba dispar infection. Earlier open-label clinical investigations of therapeutic response to nitazoxanide in 125 patients with Fasciola hepatica infection...

A 31 year old Haitian female presented with acute worsening of chronic diarrhea and weight loss of one year duration. CT of the abdomen showed diffuse mesenteric, pelvic and groin lymphadenopathy. HTLV-1 serology was positive and patient was diagnosed with adult T cell leukemia (ATL) by bone marrow biopsy and flow cytometry. Stool Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) PCR was positive and oral v...

The protean manifestations of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV 1) in the head and neck should be appreciated by all otolaryngologists. Since the infective agent responsible for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and related illnesses was discovered in 1983 (Barre-Sinoussi et al.) the spectrum of manifestations has become well denned. The HIV virus attacks the immune system. In t...

Background: In developing countries, gastroenteritis caused by intestinal parasites may be complicated and is a major cause of morbidity, in general, and kills millions of AIDS patients annually. Thus, the consequences of parasitic diseases are among the major health problems in tropical developing countries. Methods: A total of 200 HIV positive patients on and without-ART aged from 18 to 65 ye...