Slobodan Milosevic began his defence at The Hague by characterizing the trial as a sham: ‘I wish to say that entire world knows this is political process. So we are not here speaking about legal procedures evolve into ones. This process begin with, and far what I would prefer, prefer truth.’
 Indeed, it promise of law deliver only justice but also form truth. So, war-crimes trials set up, ...

We propose a nonparametric test for the exclusion and monotonicity assumptions invoked in instrumental variable (IV) designs based on random assignment of cases to judges. show its asymptotic validity demonstrate finite-sample performance simulations. apply our an empirical setting from literature examining effects pretrial detention defendant outcomes New York. When are not satisfied, we weake...