In this study we investigated the influence of sea surface temperature (SST) and Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) on the organization, strength, and distribution of Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCSs) over the Indo-Pacific region for understanding El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The study is based on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission’s (TRMM) precipitation features dataset during bore...

The 30–60-day Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) has been documented in previous research to impact tropical cyclone (TC) activity for various tropical cyclone basins around the globe. TheMJOmodulates largescale convective activity throughout the tropics, and concomitantly modulates other fields known to impact tropical cyclone activity such as vertical wind shear, midlevelmoisture, vertical motio...

In the equatorial troposphere, the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) is a planetaryscale wave envelope of complex multi-scale convection (see Figure 1 for a schematic illustration). It begins as a standing wave in the Indian Ocean and propagates eastward across the western Pacific Ocean at a speed of ≈ 5 m/s. Due to its planetary-scale circulation anomalies, the MJO significantly affects monsoon ...

[1] Both El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) have previously been documented to impact Atlantic basin tropical cyclone (TC) activity through alterations in large-scale fields such as vertical wind shear, mid-level moisture, sea level pressure and sea surface temperature. Atlantic TC activity has been shown to be enhanced when La Niña conditions are presen...

The accuracy of synoptic-based weather forecasting deteriorates rapidly after five days and is not routinely available beyond 10 days. Conversely, climate forecasts are generally not feasible for periods of less than 3 months, resulting in a weather-climate gap. The tropical atmospheric phenomenon known as the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) has a return interval of 30 to 80 days that might par...

The large-scale equatorial circulation known as the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) has been shown to impact tropical cyclone activity in several basins around the globe. In this paper, the author utilizes an MJO index created by Wheeler and Hendon to examine its impacts on tropical genesis and intensification in the Atlantic. Large differences in frequency and intensity of tropical cyclone act...

The Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO), also known as the intraseasonal oscillation (ISO), is a planetaryscale mode of variation in the tropical Indian and western Pacific Oceans. Basic questions about the MJO are why it propagates eastward at;5 m s, why it lasts for intraseasonal time scales, and how it interacts with the fine structure that is embedded in it. This study will test the hypothesis ...

The Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) modulates atmospheric river (AR) activity along the West Coast of North America. forecast skill ARs based solely on MJO phase is limited, motivating identification other predictive factors. Here we show that low-frequency variability Pacific/North American (PNA) pattern mostly independent MJO, and monthly PNA influences MJO-AR relationship much more robustly ...

[1] The Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is the dominant component of the intraseasonal (30–90 days) variability in the tropical atmosphere. It consists of large-scale coupled patterns in atmospheric circulation and deep convection, with coherent signals in many other variables, all propagating eastward slowly ( 5 m s ) through the portion of the Indian and Pacific oceans where the sea surface i...

A Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is a massive weather event consisting of deep convection coupled with atmospheric circulation, moving slowly eastward over the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Despite its enormous influence on many weather and climate systems worldwide, it has proven very difficult to simulate an MJO because of assumptions about cumulus clouds in global meteorological models. Using ...