Hydroxystilbamidine or 4 : 4'-diamidino 2-hydroxy-stilbene di-jS-hydroxy-ethane sulphonate was first used by the writer for the treatment of kala-azar in 1948 and 1949 and a paper based on the results of treatment of the first six cases published (Sen Gupta, 1949). All the six cases treated had recovered and had remained free from all symptoms of kala-azar for 5, 5, 5, 4}2-, 34, and 3 months re...

In this study 4 patients were post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL), whose lesions were similar to those of lepromatous and borderline leprosy, are described. In 2 patients there was no previous history of kala-azar but they were residents of an area of known endemic kala-azar. Lack of proper clinical and laboratory assessment was behind the failure to diagnose PKDL. Consequently the patie...

Concomitant skin lesions in visceral leishmaniasis (VL) or kala-azar are rare, being more common the description of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis occurring post treatment of kala-azar. Skin lesions caused by Leishmania donovani are frequently seen in the aids-VL co-infection. In Brazil cutaneous or mucosal forms of tegumentary leishmaniasis concomitant with aids are more commonly register...

After two peaks of epidemic of Kala Azar, one in 1977 with 100,000 cases(l) and another in 1991-92 with 250,000 cases(2), the disease continues to be endemic in North Bihar The first line drug sodium antimony shbogluconate (SAG) used in the dosage of 20 mg/kg body weight daily for 30 days(3) or 40 days(4) has become less effective and a number of patients are unresponsive to the drug(5) Oral Fl...

Pentavalent antimonials (SbV) have been successfully used for treatment of kala-azar since last six decades. Since 1970s its conventional dosages have failed to achieve with 60 per cent unresponsiveness reported with WHO regimen in Bihar (India). Pentamidine initially used as a second line of drug, acquired resistance (25%) even with prolonged dosage. Newer oral drug miltefosine is a potent ant...

BACKGROUND Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) or kala-azar is a parasitic disease caused by the species of Leishmania donovani complex. It is endemic in some parts of provinces of Iran. According to the reported cases of VL in Kermanshah Province in recent years, this study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of VL in high risk villages of the province. METHODS Totally, 1622 serum samples ...

azar patient has led to certain statements on the possibilities of the urine being the transmitting medium of the infection of kala-azar, which are obviously absurd and which were certainly not suggested by Shortt himself. Both writers have been interested in the possibilities of urine being the transmitting medium of the infection of kala-azar and with this possibility in view made an effort last

Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania transmitted by insects of the genus Lutzomyia sp. or Phlebotomus sp. The main syndromes are cutaneous leishmaniasis, mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) and post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. This article reviews kidney involvement in cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis, highlighting...

We assessed the prevalence of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL), a late cutaneous manifestation of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), in 16 VL-endemic communities in Bihar, India. The prevalence of confirmed PKDL cases was 4.4 per 10 000 individuals and 7.8 if probable cases were also considered. The clinical history and treatment of the post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis cases are discussed.