Fractures of the keel bone, a bone extending ventrally from the sternum, are a serious health and welfare problem in free range laying hens. Recent findings suggest that a major cause of keel damage within extensive systems is collisions with internal housing structures, though investigative efforts have been hindered by difficulties in examining mechanisms and likely influencing factors at the...

Many biological processes, such as cell wall hydrolysis and the mobilisation of nutrient reserves from the starchy endosperm, require stringent regulation to successfully malt barley (Hordeum vulgare) grain in an industrial context. Much of the accumulated knowledge defining these events has been collected from individual, unrelated experiments, and data have often been extrapolated from Petri ...

Purpose and hypothesis: Acromion spur is the extrinsic factor for impingement syndrome and rotator cuff tear. The Rockwood tilt view can be used to evaluate prominence of the anterior acromion, however no study has shown the correlation of findings between the Rockwood tilt view and the arthroscopic finding. METHODS We developed the arthroscopic classification of acromion spur as type 1 flat ...

BACKGROUND Reports of diverse outcomes in modular mini-keel tibial componentry for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) have raised concerns about early aseptic loosening. Cruciate-retaining (CR) prostheses, using mini-keel implants, have yet to be reported and compared to posterior-stabilizing (PS) designs. METHODS A retrospective, case-matched study of 91 consecutive TKAs (n = 46 CR; n = 45 PS pro...

Examples 1.1. • Y ∼= P, D a nodal cubic. • Y a complete nonsingular toric surface, D the toric boundary (i.e, the complement of the big torus orbit Gm). • Blowups: Given a Looijenga pair (Y ,D), we can take “toric blowups,” where Y is the blowup of Y at a nodal point of D and D is the inverse image of D). Note that toric blowups do not change U . “non-toric blowups,” where Ỹ is the blowup of Y ...

It is accepted that the papilionaceous corolla of the Fabaceae evolved under the selective pressure of bee pollinators. Morphology and function of different parts of Coronilla emerus L. flowers were related to their role in the pollination mechanism. The corolla has a vexillum with red nectar lines, a keel hiding stamens and pistil, and two wing petals fasten to the keel with two notched folds....

An experimental line (F) of turkeys was reciprocally crossed with sire lines (designated A and B) from each of two commercial breeders in order to study the inheritance of carcass traits and body shape. The birds were weighed and killed at 17 wk of age, and various measurements of muscling, leg bones, and body shape were made. Additive genetic variation, as indicated by line differences, was an...

This paper introduces a software tool named KEEL, which is a software tool to assess evolutionary algorithms for Data Mining problems of various kinds including as regression, classification, unsupervised learning, etc. It includes evolutionary learning algorithms based on different approaches: Pittsburgh, Michigan and IRL, as well as the integration of evolutionary learning techniques with dif...