Twist2 is a member of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family and plays a critical role in tumorigenesis. Growing evidence has proven that Twist2 is involved in tumor progression; however, the role of Twist2 in human kidney cancer and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis were used to detect the expression of Twist2 in kidney ca...

BACKGROUND Growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF9), a member of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family and the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta superfamily, has recently been implicated in the biological control of cancer cell behaviour. It has also been implicated in the development and spread of solid cancer. However, the role of GDF9 in kidney cancer remains to be investigated. In t...

It is challenging to diagnose, manage, and treat patients who have kidney disease in addition to cancer. Second to cardiovascular disease, cancer represents a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the kidney disease population.[1] With advances in cancer therapy and the resulting panoply of clinically available chemotherapeutic agents and biologics, an increasing number of cancer patients a...

The incidences of kidney cancer and bladder cancer are lower in Asian countries than in Western countries. However, the incidences and mortality rates of kidney cancer and bladder cancer have been increasing in Japan. In this paper, we would like to introduce findings from epidemiological studies about tobacco smoking, drinking alcohol and physical activity on the risk of kidney and bladder can...

There is a well known association between end stage renal disease and the development of kidney cancer in the native kidney of patients requiring renal replacement therapy. There is now emerging evidence that lesser degrees of renal insufficiency (chronic kidney disease, CKD) are also associated with an increased likelihood of cancer in general and kidney cancer in particular. Nephropathologica...

Abstract It is well-established that kidney cancer or renal cell carcinoma (RCC) occurs more commonly in chronic disease (CKD) than the general population though underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Beyond hereditary RCC syndromes; smoking, obesity and hypertension widely known risk factors for RCC, irrespective of CKD. Kidney-specific such as episodes acute injury, nephrolithiasi...

Administrative data are frequently used for epidemiological studies but its usefulness to analyze cancer epidemiology after kidney transplantation is unclear. In this retrospective population-based cohort study, we identified every adult kidney-alone transplant performed in England (2003-2014) using administrative data from Hospital Episode Statistics. Results were compared to the hospitalized ...

Patients on maintenance dialysis have increased risk for cancer, especially in the kidney and urinary tract. In a retrospective cohort of 831,804 patients starting dialysis during 1980 to 1994 in the United States, Europe, or Australia and New Zealand, standardized incidence ratios (SIR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for kidney and bladder cancers. Risks for cancers of the ...