Hypoderma spp. larvae are the cause of internal myiasis in different animals which is characterized by subcutaneous warbles. These are mostly differentiated at species level based on the morphology of third stage larvae. Therefore, the present study was conducted to amplify the most variable part of the cox1 gene of two Hypoderma spp. (i.e., Hypoderma bovis and H. lineatum) retrieved in Pakista...

The toxicity of Thesium lineatum is confirmed in sheep. A toxic crystalline bufadienolide, with the suggested trivial name thesiuside, has been isolated from it. This is the first cardiac glycoside to be isolated from a member of the Santalaceae. The toxin appears to have no cumulative effect and the symptoms of intoxication and pathology in sheep are similar to that expected from acute cardiac...

Abstract A non-invasive method to estimate the number of Trypodendron lineatum holes on dead standing pines ( Pinus sylvestris L.) was developed using linear and nonlinear estimations. classical regression model first used analyze relationship between caused by T. selected stem units total an entire P. . Then, obtain a better fit function data for unit in step, piecewise (PLR) used. Last, area ...

Graphosoma inexpectatum Carapezza & Jindra, 2008 is described from Syria, the southern neighbor of Turkey, and is known only from the type locality. The first observation of the species in Turkey dates back to 1995 with two females obtained from the provinces of Gaziantep (Şehitkamil-Aktoprak) and Adana (Pozantı-Bürücek Plateau). These two localities are situated inside the part of the Mediterr...

out that the DL compounds 5, 8 were prepared from DL-aminobutyric acids. By analogy with the compounds 2 — 2 D and 3 3 D we expect that the biologically active components of the racemates were only their L-forms. All the compounds listed in Table I were subjected to additional topical or injection bioassays on a Pentatomid bug Graphosoma and on pupae of Tenebrio. No JH activity was recorded her...