In this paper a pattern language for service discovery is introduced. These patterns were mined from several existing service discovery protocols, and from protocols which are generally used for service discovery, but have not been discussed under the theme of service discovery in the research community. In this paper everything preceding the actual service usage is considered as service discov...

WSOL (Web Service Offerings Language) is an XML (Extensible Markup Language) notation compatible with the WSDL (Web Services Description Language) standard. While WSDL is used for describing operations provided by Web Services, WSOL enables formal specification of multiple classes of service for one Web Service. A service offering is a formal representation of one class of service for a Web Ser...

To meet the new requirements of growing computer networks the client-server model has to be improved by new concepts with encreased functionality. Service management in distributed systems is realized by a service trading concept. This paper presents a language given in Backus-Naur Form which enables specification of service requests. First, a matching criteria is specified as conditioned Boole...

Fragmentation and recombination is a key to create customized language environments for supporting various intercultural activities. Fragmentation provides various language resource components for the customized language environments and recombination builds each language environment according to user’s request by combining these components. To realize this fragmentation and recombination proce...

Pre-service teacher cognition literature abounds with the concept of change as well as proposals regarding desirable conceptual changes to be undertaken so that teacher candidates can set out their path of professional development with right beliefs. Yet, such changes would seem less likely to occur if the trainees’ thoughts, beliefs, and cognitions are not identified in the f...

Since various communities with multiple languages interact in daily life, tools are needed to support intercultural communication. However, we often observe that the success of a multi-language tool in one situation does not guarantee its success in another. To develop multi-language environments that can handle various situations in various communities, existing language resources should be ea...