Abnormalities of the upper airway (UA) are frequently implicated as a cause of poor performance, exercise intolerance, or abnormal respiratory noise in the equine. Common abnormalities involving the function of the arytenoid cartilages include recurrent laryngeal neuropathy, arytenoid chondritis, and laryngeal dysplasia. Dorsal displacement of the soft palate (DDSP) and pharyngeal collapse affe...

F0 lowering, creaky voice, Danish stød and glottal stops may at first seem like a group of only vaguely related phenomena. However, a theory proposed by Jan Gauffin (JG) almost forty years ago puts them on a continuum of supralaryngeal constriction. The purpose of the present remarks is to briefly review JG:s work and to summarize evidence from current research that tends to reinforce many of h...

In contrast to all other vertebrate cartilages, the major extracellular matrix protein of lamprey cartilages is not collagen. Instead, there exists a unique family of noncollagenous structural proteins, the significance of which is not completely understood. A custom-built uniaxial testing apparatus was used to quantify and compare equilibrium stress-relaxation behavior (equilibrium moduli, str...

BACKGROUND Insertion of a gastric tube (GT) in anesthetized, paralyzed, and intubated patients can be difficult The purpose of this study was to determine fiberoptically why GTs succeed or fail to enter the esophagus and, based on these findings, to determine a mechanism for converting failures into successes. METHODS Sixty patients under general anesthesia and orotracheally intubated were st...

There is little or no information about the distribution of elastic fibers in the human fetal head. We examined this issue in 15 late-stage fetuses (crown-rump length, 220-320 mm) using aldehyde-fuchsin and elastica-Masson staining, and we used the arterial wall elastic laminae and external ear cartilages as positive staining controls. The posterior pharyngeal wall, as well as the ligaments con...

Chondrosarcomas of the larynx are rare tumors accounting for about 0.5% of all laryngeal primary tumors. A total of 111 laryngeal chondrosarcoma cases, diagnosed between 1970 and 1997, were retrieved from the Otorhinolaryngic-Head & Neck Tumor Registry of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. There was a 3.6:1 male/female ratio of patients 25-91 years of age (mean, 64.4 years). Patients pres...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare the effect of the presence of one or two arytenoids on early/late period swallowing-aspiration functions. METHODS Supracricoid partial laryngectomy (SCPL) with the diagnosis of laryngeal cancer between 2012 and 2014 were retrospectively evaluated. The patients were categorized into two groups as follows: group I, patients who underwent SCPL with...

Congenital high airway obstruction syndrome (CHAOS) is a near fatal condition of multifactorial inheritance, due to the obstruction of the fetal upper airways, which may be partial or complete in which the fetus has a dilated trachea, enlarged echogenic lungs, an inverted or flattened diaphragm, and ascites. Prenatal recognition of the disease is quite important due to the recently described ma...