Npas4 has recently been identified as an important factor in brain plasticity, particularly in mechanisms of inhibitory control. Little is known about Npas4 expression in terms of cortical plasticity. In the present study expressions of Npas4 and the archetypal immediate early gene (IEG) c-Fos were investigated in the barrel cortex of mice after sensory deprivation (sparing one row of whiskers ...

A photocathode RF gun was built and it has been operated for beam measurement at SPring-8. The cavity was tested by using high power RF up to 18 MW. The electric field gradient on the cathode reached 127 MW/m. After RF conditioning, a laser pulse was irradiated on a copper cathode and the photo-emitted beam was accelerated up to 2.9 MeV. An effective quantum efficiency of the cathode was obtain...

SiO2 sol-gel antireflection film coated on fused silica can reduce the reflection loss and improve transmittance of optical component, although it is still prone to laser induced damage. Laser conditioning an effective way damage threshold (LIDT) film. In this paper, single-layer films pretreated by triple-frequency with different parameters are characterized macroscopical parameters, such as t...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different enamel conditioning techniques for bracket bonding. METHODS Ninety-one human premolars were randomly divided in six groups of 15 specimens each. The enamel surfaces of the teeth were etched with 35% orthophosphoric acid in Group 1, with a self-etching primer in Group 2, sandblasted in Group 3, sandblasted and etched with ...

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets bonded to enamel prepared by Er:YAG laser with two different powers and conventional acid-etching. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-five human premolars extracted for orthodontic purposes were randomly assigned to three groups based on conditioning method: Group 1- conventional etching with 37% ...

introduction: recent use of lasers for porcelain surface treatment for adhesion of brackets to restorations has not only showed some promising results, but is also accompanied with less undesirable effects among other advantages. the purpose of this study is the comparative electron microscope evaluation of feldspathic porcelain surfaces under irradiation by neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium ga...

We investigated the underlying physical and chemical causes of the improvement of electrochemical activity of the cathode in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) under long term cathodic or anodic polarization, termed ‘current conditioning’, through in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The electrodes were powder La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 (LSM) made with glycine-nitrate process and thin films of LSM and L...