Electrorheology (ER) denotes the control of a material's flow properties (rheology) through an electric field. We have fabricated electrorheological suspensions of coated nanoparticles that show electrically controllable liquid-solid transitions. The solid state can reach a yield strength of 130 kPa, breaking the theoretical upper bound on conventional ER static yield stress that is derived on ...

Suspensions of self-propelled particles, such as swimming micro-organisms, are known to undergo complex dynamics as a result of hydrodynamic interactions. To elucidate these dynamics, a kinetic theory is developed and applied to study the linear stability and the nonlinear pattern formation in these systems. The evolution of a suspension of self-propelled particles is modeled using a conservati...

This paper is concerned with difficulties encountered by engineers when they attempt to predict the orientation of fibers in creation injection molded plastic parts. It known that Jeffery’s equation, which was designed model a single fiber an infinite fluid, breaks down very badly applied, no modifications, this situation. In previous paper, author described how interactions between and viscosi...

How fast must an oriented collection of extensile swimmers swim to escape the instability viscous active suspensions? We show that answer lies in dimensionless combination $R=\rho v_0^2/2\sigma_a$, where $\rho$ is suspension mass density, $v_0$ speed and $\sigma_a$ stress. Linear stability analysis shows for small $R$ disturbances grow at a rate linear their wavenumber $q$, dominant mode involv...

BACKGROUND Given the importance of highly reactive oxygen species (hROS) as reactants in a wide range of biological, photochemical, and environmental systems there is an interest in detection and quantification of these species. The extreme reactivity of the hROS, which includes hydroxyl radicals, presents an analytical challenge. 3'-(p-Aminophenyl) fluorescein (APF) is a relatively new probe u...

The three main performance metrics in automotive suspensions are passenger comfort, suspension deflection, and road holding ability. It is well-known that these three objectives can not be reached at the same time. In order to reach them “individually”, three linear H∞ controllers are designed. At each moment, the desired performance requirement is chosen with a robust stable control strategy t...

This paper concerns with the generalized L2 estimation of the disturbance applied to a vehicle steer wheel. The study is specially useful for active vehicle suspensions utilizing wheelbase preview information. To design an estimator to perform satisfactorily for a wide range of road irregularities and to care for system structured (parametric) uncertainties, a generalized L2 gain based scheme i...

the energy equation for turbulent flow of fiber suspensions was derived in terms of second order correlation tensors. fiber motion of turbulent energy including the correlation between pressure fluctuations and velocity fluctuations was discussed at two points of flow field, at which the correlation tensors were the functions of space coordinates, distance between two points, and time.