OBJECTIVE The authors first examined the influence of moderate to severe congenital hearing impairment (CHI) on the correctness of samples of elicited spoken language. Then, the authors used this measure as an indicator of linguistic proficiency and examined its effect on performance in language reception, independent of bottom-up auditory processing. DESIGN In groups of adults with normal he...

This paper discusses the development of writing skills of Dutch students of English and Spanish as foreign languages. Essays written in three consecutive years were analyzed for essay length, word length, and type/token ratio — reflecting linguistic competence. A selection of essays was analyzed for argument structure and the use of cohesive devices. These same essays were ranked holistically b...

We studied the cognitive abilities of a 13-year-old deaf child, deprived of most linguistic input from late infancy, in a battery of tests designed to reveal the nature of numerical and geometrical abilities in the absence of a full linguistic system. Tests revealed widespread proficiency in basic symbolic and non-symbolic numerical computations involving the use of both exact and approximate n...

Chinese and English differ in the encoding of biological gender spoken forms 3rd person singular pronouns. Linguistic relativity theories predict that structural differences across languages are accompanied with non-linguistic cognition. However, pronoun difference between two seems so trivial its influence on perception is unbelievable except empirical support. The present study conducted an E...

the present study was an attempt, in the first place, to find out whether there is any relationship between iranian efl learners' multiple intelligences and their language proficiency. the second objective was to explore whether one of intelligences or combination of intelligences are predictors of language proficiency. to this end, 228 subjects of this study were chosen from among 280 eng...

Corpus linguistic analysis has been increasingly applied to the studies of variation in surface linguistic features of second language writing. Previous research found that nonnative English speaking (NNS) writers at higher levels of proficiency produced larger quantity (measured by the number of words) and greater quality (measured by the number of varieties of lexical items used in the texts)...

OBJECTIVE To inform current debates on improving health care quality for patients with limited English proficiency by identifying the drivers and processes for one large health care delivery system's implementation of particular models, key success factors, and remaining challenges for the field. STUDY DESIGN A qualitative case study of the Kaiser Permanente (KP) San Francisco Medical Center'...

This study employed an artificial language learning paradigm together with a combined behavioral/event-related potential (ERP) approach to examine the neurocognition of the processing of gender agreement, an aspect of inflectional morphology that is problematic in adult second language (L2) learning. Subjects learned to speak and comprehend an artificial language under either explicit (classroo...

Bilingualism is a widespread phenomenon, yet its economic effects are under researched. Typically studies find that bilingual workers are disadvantaged. Governments often protect minority languages through official promotion of bilingualism, with potential economic consequences. This paper addresses the impact of bilingualism on earnings, using the example of Wales. Results show a positive raw ...