Avian vacuolar myelinopathy (AVM) is a neurologic disease affecting Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), American Coots (Fulica americana), and other birds in the southeastern United States. The cause of the disease has not yet been determined, although it is generally thought to be a natural toxin. Previous studies have linked AVM to aquatic vegetation, and the current working hypothesis is...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The cause and clinical significance of residual dysplastic vessels after surgery for brain arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are unclear. We studied predictors and frequency of residual dysplastic vessels on cerebral angiography after AVM surgery. METHODS The 240 prospectively enrolled surgical patients from the New York AVM Databank underwent 269 AVM-related surgical p...

Endoglin (ENG) is a causative gene of type 1 hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT1). HHT1 patients have a higher prevalence of brain arteriovenous malformation (AVM) than the general population and patients with other HHT subtypes. The pathogenesis of brain AVM in HHT1 patients is currently unknown and no specific medical therapy is available to treat patients. Proper animal models are cr...

A 39-year-old male presented with a small pontine hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Angiography showed a small left pontine arteriovenous malformation (AVM) associated with a small aneurysm on the pedicle feeding the AVM. The pedicle aneurysm was occluded by microcoils. The AVM was then treated by proton-beam radiosurgery. Follow-up angiography 2 years later revealed that the AVM had disa...

An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is composed of abnormal communications between arteries and veins without the normal intervening capillary bed. AVM of the head and neck is a rare vascular anomaly. We present here an unusual case of AVM with the size of 4x3 cm at the left posterior palatal area. Incisionel biopsy revealed AVM. Resection of the lesion following angiography was suggested to th...

As the development of Doppler ultrasonography, many cases of uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM) have beed diagnosed. But there is no case of cervical AVM in pregnant uterus. We present a 33-year-old pregnant woman who was diagnosed with AVM of the uterine cervix during the midtrimester. Color Doppler sonography and magnetic resonance image were used for diagnosis. We performed Cesarean se...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A large percentage of patients with a cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) show focal neurological signs or have a history of intracranial hemorrhage. The present study used transcranial Doppler sonography to assess the clinical significance of hemodynamic disturbances in the intracranial arteries of patients with an AVM. METHODS Eighteen patients with untreated AV...

BACKGROUND Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are dynamic lesions and have been documented to arise de novo, enlarge, regress, obliterate, and even recur. Spontaneous obliteration of AVM is a rare and poorly understood phenomenon. CASE DESCRIPTION We present a case of spontaneous obliteration of AVM in a 60-year-old gentleman who presented with intraparenchymal hemorrhage from a rupt...

Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) of the brain is one of the important pathologic conditions which cause intracerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhage, epilepsy, or chronic cerebral ischemia. The spontaneous regression of cerebral AVM is reported to be very rare and more likely to occur when the AVM is small, is accompanied by hemorrhage, and has fewer arterial feeders. We report a case of right occi...

Although arteriovenous malformations (AVM) occur frequently in digestive organs, pancreatic AVM is rare. The clinical symptoms of pancreatic AVM are variable and include gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal pain, jaundice, portal hypertension, pancreatitis, and duodenal ulcer. However, choledochoduodenal or pancreaticoduodenal fistulas complicated with ascending infection and pancreatitis is ex...