Abstract. We generalize the method of third quantization to a unified exact treatment of Redfield and Lindblad master equations for open quadratic systems of n fermions in terms of diagonalization of 4n × 4n matrix. Non-equilibrium thermal driving in terms of the Redfield equation is analyzed in detail. We explain how to compute all physically relevant quantities, such as non-equilibrium expect...

In the present study, analytical solutions for thermally developing flows in porous media under local thermal non-equilibrium (LTNE) condition are derived for different fundamental models. The analytical solutions are validated by comparison with the numerical results. Based on the analytical solutions, the local Nusselt number is obtained, and the dimensionless thermal entry length nc is predi...

The four equations of stellar structure are reformulated as two alternate pairs of variational principles. Different thermodynamic representations lead to the same hydromechanical equations, but the thermal equations require, not the entropy, but the temperature as the thermal field variable. Our treatment emphasizes the hydrostatic energy and the entropy production rate of luminosity produced ...