Dormancy release in freshly matured, imbibed annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) seeds is inhibited by light and involves a decrease in seed sensitivity to abscisic acid. Other processes involved in dormancy release in the dark were investigated by measuring seed storage compound mobilisation and the activity of cell wall-degrading enzymes. Activities of endo-β-mannanase and total peroxidase were ...

Field experiments were conducted to study weed population shifts in long-term conservation tillage systems. The objectives of this study were to determine weed community abundance, diversity and composition on conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage (MT), no-tillage with paraplow (ZT) and no-tillage (NT) systems, and to identify species that are associated with specific tillage systems. The ...

Background Among the weeds in Iran, resistant Lolium rigidum Gaud is considered a troublesome weed winter cereals due to its tendency evolve cross (CR) and multiple resistance (MR) herbicides. Objective This research examined patterns mechanisms of L. clodinafop-propargyl (CP) mesosulfuron methyl+iodosulfuron methyl (MI). Methods Experiments were conducted on four putative-resistant biotypes on...

The transfer of herbicide resistance genes by pollen is a major concern in cross-pollinated species such as annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum). A two-year study was conducted in the greenhouse, under favorable conditions for pollination, to generate information on potential maximum cross-pollination. This maximum cross-pollination rate was 56.1%. A three-year field trial was also conducted to stu...

6-Methoxy-2-benzoxazolinone (MBOA) is an allelochemical that found in Poaceae and generally associated with monocotyledon species. This compound formed from the glycosylated form of 2,4-dihydroxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (Gly-DIMBOA) by a two-stage degradation process. The MBOA detoxification capacity two weed species, namely Echinochloa crus-galli Lolium rigidum, resistant biotype rigidum...

Morphological and simple sequence repeat (SSR) approaches were used to determine the genetic diversity of 29 ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) genotypes belonging eight populations collected from several regions in Saudi Arabia. In this study, 50 Silico-developed SSR markers derived genomic expressed tag (EST) microsatellites examined. Analysis variance showed highly significant differences all studied...

We tested the hypothesis that different minerals in soil select distinct bacterial communities in their microhabitats. Mica (M), basalt (B) and rock phosphate (RP) were incubated separately in soil planted with Trifolium subterraneum, Lolium rigidum or left unplanted. After 70 days, the mineral and soil fractions were separated by sieving. Automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis was used...