long-term potentiation (ltp) is a reflection of synaptic plasticity that induced by specific patterns of synaptic activity and has an important role in learning and memory. the first clue of the potential role of glutamate receptors in ltp was in 1991 with the observation that the mglur agonists 1-amino-1, 3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid (acpd), increased ltp. studies have shown that acpd induc...

background: nowadays the eutrophication of water bodies is enhanced due to discharge of effluents and runoffs. therefore, there is a demand for the management of natural and artificial lakes to prevent or postpone this problem. lakes eutrophication is a complex process. therefore computerized models are very important tools to describe this process. although there are several models for this, b...

This study used Monte Carlo simulations to examine the ability of the two-stage least squares (2SLS) estimator and two-stage residual inclusion (2SRI) estimators with varying forms of residuals to estimate the local average and population average treatment effect parameters in models with binary outcome, endogenous binary treatment, and single binary instrument. The rarity of the outcome and th...

In May 2005, the “Report of the Auditor General on Seniors Care and Programs” (“the Report”) was released.1 The Auditor General examined services provided to seniors in long-term care facilities, the Seniors Lodge Program and the Alberta Seniors Benefit Program.2 In total, the systems of nine Regional Health Authorities (RHAs), 25 long-term care facilities, and 20 lodge operators were examined....

Congress and the Administration are currently exploring various methods of promoting access to long-term care. In this article, an inventory of recent legislative proposals for using the Federal tax code to expand access to long-term care services is provided. Proposals are arrayed along a functional typology that includes tax mechanisms to encourage accumulation of funds, promote purchase of l...

This study examines buyers and nonbuyers of long-term care insurance. The findings show that consumers purchased more comprehensive products in 1994-95 than they did in 1990, and that they appeared to get better value for the premium dollar. While annual sales are increasing at a rate of 25%, the market for long-term care insurance remains small, and many of the market barriers that existed fou...

Experimental studies have observed Long Term synaptic Potentiation (LTP) when a presynaptic neuron fires shortly before a postsynaptic neuron, and Long Term Depression (LTD) when the presynaptic neuron fires shortly after, a phenomenon known as Spike Timing Dependent Plasticity (STDP). When a neuron is presented successively with discrete volleys of input spikes STDP has been shown to learn 'ea...

A new behavioral training approach has been found significantly to improve visual function; the results further attest to the high degree of plasticity in sensory systems.