OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of household food insecurity at various income levels in urban areas of Karachi. METHODS A cross sectional survey of different localities in the central district of Karachi was carried out. The data was collected through household interviews of housewives conducted by trained nutritionist. Housewives were interviewed about food security status of the househo...

The goal of this research is to quantify the association between food insecurity and smoking among low-income families. This analysis is a retrospective study using data from the 2001 Panel Study of Income Dynamics, a longitudinal study of a representative sample of U.S. men, women, and children and the family units in which they reside. Family income is linked with U.S. poverty thresholds to i...

OBJECTIVE To examine characteristics of US children living in food-insufficient households and to compare food and nutrient intakes, physical inactivity, and overweight and underweight status of children in food-insufficient households with those in food-sufficient households. DESIGN Cross-sectional, nationally representative sample of children and households from the Continuing Survey of Foo...

Healthy food is becoming increasingly expensive, and families on low incomes face a difficult financial struggle to afford healthy food. When food costs are considered, families on low incomes often face circumstances of poverty. Housing, utilities, health care, and transport are somewhat fixed in cost; however food is more flexible in cost and therefore is often compromised with less healthy, ...

Providing health coverage for the entire family can both help to increase coverage of children and assist low-income families in obtaining more affordable health care services. This brief uses data from the 2005 Kaiser Low-Income Coverage and Access Survey to examine health coverage, access and the financial impacts of health care for low-income parents and their families. This survey targets t...

A pervasive challenge faced by Canadian health and social service providers is to promote health for low-income families in a proactive and costeffective manner. Families with low incomes experience an array of health and social problems that prevent access to available services, compromise their resilience, and lead to negative family outcomes; for some populations, linkage to the services the...

Since welfare reform, impoverished children in single-parent families receive less aid than under the previous system and the most disadvantaged of these children have slipped deeper into poverty. This Research-in-Brief summarizes a study that explores the economic well-being of children in low-income single-parent families since the 1996 passage of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportun...

nowadays, marketing is considered as one of the most important parts of all manufacturing and service activities. in order to reach more share of goal market, different companies always update and change their marketing policies. these companies have to know that different customers impressed by different marketing policies and them, they should choose most suitable policies for one goal group....