1Brigham & Womens Hospital, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, 75 Francis St., Boston, USA E-mail: [email protected] Nutcracker syndrome, or more accurately, left renal vein (LRV) entrapment syndrome, refers to an abnormally narrow angle between the superior mesenteric artery and abdominal aorta leading to symptomatic compression and distal dilatation of the LRV as it traverses b...

Infections with Leishmania parasites of the Leishmania Viannia subgenus give rise to both localized cutaneous (CL), and metastatic leishmaniasis. Metastasizing disease forms including disseminated (DCL) and mutocutaneous (MCL) leishmaniasis result from parasitic dissemination and lesion formation at sites distal to infection and have increased inflammatory responses. The presence of Leishmania ...

Nutcracker syndrome (NCS) is a rare pathology, caused by compression of the left renal vein (LRV) between the abdominal aorta (AA) and the superior mesenteric artery (SMA), due to reduction of the angle between AA and SMA. This leads to LRV varices, left gonadal vein varices and therefore, the pelvic congestion syndrome. For this reason, coexistence of NCS and pelvic congestion syndrome has bee...

BACKGROUND Patients with Nutcracker syndrome generally present with nonspecific abdominal pain, with the left renal vein (LRV) lodged between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery. In rare cases this can result in atypical gastrointestinal symptoms, making the diagnosis of Nutcracker syndrome challenging. CASE REPORT A 28-year-old female patient presented with complaints of severe abdo...

ObjectivesThe outcome of American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) may depend on the presence Leishmania RNA virus (LRV). This be involved in treatment failure. We aimed to determine whether genetic clusters LRV1 are this therapeutic outcome.MethodsThe was assessed 129 guyanensis isolates from patients treated with pentamidine French Guiana. Among 115 (89%) found carry LRV1, 96 were successfully...

Background: The nutcracker syndrome represents a clinical condition caused by compression of the left renal vein (LRV) between the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and the aorta. One of its manifestations is left-sided varicocele. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of nutcracker syndrome in patients with primary and recurrent high grade left-sided varicocele. Methods: Fifty pa...

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate percentages and gender distribution the variations inferior vena cava (IVC), renal veins, posterior lumbar tributaries left vein (LRV).
 Materials Methods: For cross sectional observational study, computed tomography (CT) images 1949 patients were evaluated retrospectively.
 Results: In present double IVC, IVC interruption with azygo...