BACKGROUND Azygous venous system injuries are rare. Although not commonly classified as a thoracic great vessel, the azygous system manifests morbidity and mortality that is similar to that of other great vessel injuries. METHODS Over a 40 year period, data were retrospectively collected and charts reviewed from a vascular injury database. RESULTS A total of 22 injuries to the azygous venou...

Intestinal ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury is a critical problem, which can cause intestinal injury locally and acute lung injury (ALI) distally by inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is involved in innate immune and inflammatory responses. This study was to determine whether TLR4 mutant can attenuate intestinal and lung injuries after intestinal IR. Wild t...

In the present study, the effects of dexmedetomidine on secondary lung and kidney injuries were studied in the rat model of intra-abdominal sepsis by immunohistological and biochemical examinations. We measured serum creatinine, kidney tissue malondialdehide and plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels. In order to evaluate tissue injury we determined kidney tissue mononuclear c...

1. The possible carcinogenicity of diesel engine exhaust is a topic that the Industrial Injuries Advisory Council (IIAC) has had under review. In September 2015, it published an Information Note relating to lung cancer, bladder cancer and diesel exhaust emissions across a range of occupations.1 That Information Note set aside for separate consideration the case for prescribing under the Industr...

Emergency lung resection for chest trauma is a rare event with a reported incidence of 0.08-1.3% but is associated with a high morbidity and mortality especially if a pneumonectomy is required, if due to blunt chest trauma or when concomitant injuries are present. We report three cases of young adult males with penetrating chest injuries that required emergency thoracotomy (ET) and anatomical l...

Pulmonary injuries are a major source of morbidity and mortality associated with trauma. Trauma includes injuries associated with accidents and falls as well as blast injuries caused by explosives. The prevalence and mortality of these injuries has made research of pulmonary injury a major priority. Lungs have a complex structure, with multiple types of tissues necessary to allow successful res...

Objective: To investigate the protective effects and possible mechanisms of oridonin (ORI) in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in mice. Methods: ARDS mice models were established by tracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Male C57BL/6 mice aged from 8 to 10 weeks were randomized into three groups: a sham operation group (5 mice), in which only sterile phosp...

Tracheobronchial injuries are rare but life threatening sequel of blunt chest trauma. Due to the difficult nature of these injuries and the demanding attributes of the involved surgery, the anesthesiologist faces tough challenges while securing the airway, controlling oxygenation, undertaking one-lung ventilation, maintaining anesthesia during tracheal reconstruction, and gaining adequate posto...