Slow spirometry and forced spirometry (flow volume loop) are often used to measure clinically relevant lung volumes and forced expiratory and inspiratory flows. Dynamic parameters, such as forced expiratory volumes in one second (FEV1) or forced vital capacity (FVC) and static lung volumes, such as expiratory reserve volume (ERV), inspiratory capacity (IC) and inspiratory vital capacity (IVC) c...

BACKGROUND In anesthetized patients undergoing surgery, the role of lung-protective ventilation with lower tidal volumes is unclear. We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effect of this ventilation strategy on postoperative outcomes. METHODS We searched electronic databases from inception through September 2014. We included RCTs that compared prot...

At resting end expiration [functional residual capacity (FRC)], the actions of the left and right hemidiaphragms on the lung are synergistic. However, the synergism decreases in magnitude as muscle tension decreases. Therefore, the hypothesis was tested in anesthetized dogs that the degree of synergism between the two hemidiaphragms also decreases with increasing lung volume. In a first experim...

Various modulating factors have been shown to affect postnatal lung growth and development in humans and other mammalian species. Therefore, normative pulmonary function data should ideally indicate the environmental conditions of life. This paper will review current knowledge on the effects of nutrition, growth hormone disturbances, training and altitude on lung volumes in children and adults....

OBJECTIVES Mechanical ventilation tidal volumes are usually set according to an estimate of patient size in millilitres (ml) per kilogram (kg) body weight. We describe the relationship between donor-recipient lung-size mismatch and postoperative mechanical ventilation tidal volumes according to recipient- and donor-predicted body weights in a cohort of bilateral lung transplant patients. METH...