The lymphatic vasculature collects and drains fluid and cells from the periphery through lymph nodes (LNs) for immune monitoring, and then returns lymph to the bloodstream. During immune responses LNs enlarge and remodel, featuring extensive growth of lymphatic sinuses (lymphangiogenesis). This LN lymphangiogenesis also arises in cancer, and is associated with altered lymph drainage through LNs...

the primary carcinoma may secondarily invade bone tissue through direct extensions, blood circulation or lymphatic transportation particulary when it is arising from breast, prostate, kidney, thyroid and lung. metastatics tumors of bone are more common than primary tumor of bone. the most common tumor, which metastasizes into bone, is the breast adenocarcinoma. some metastatic tumors of bone in...

The lymphatic system has an important defensive role in the human body. The metastasis of most tumors initially spreads through the surrounding lymphatic tissue and eventually forms lymphatic metastatic tumors; the tumor cells may even transfer to other organs to form other types of tumors. Clinically, lymphatic metastatic tumors develop rapidly. Given the limitations of surgical resection and ...

Cancer cells escape a tumor by two primary routes—blood vessels and lymphatic vessels—to establish distant metastases. Thus, it seems reasonable to hypothesize that blocking the growth of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) and lymphatic vessels (lymphangiogenesis) will inhibit hematogenic and lymphogenic metastases, respectively. An impressive array of preclinical studies has demonstrated prevent...

BACKGROUND New lymphatic growth may contribute to tumor metastasis. Activation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3) by its ligands VEGF-C and -D is necessary for embryonic and tumor lymphangiogenesis. However, the exact role of VEGFR-3 signaling in adult lymphangiogenesis and in lymphatic vessel survival and regeneration is unclear. METHODS A novel rat monoclonal antibod...

Cancer cells escape a tumor by two primary routes—blood vessels and lymphatic vessels—to establish distant metastases. Thus, it seems reasonable to hypothesize that blocking the growth of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) and lymphatic vessels (lymphangiogenesis) will inhibit hematogenic and lymphogenic metastases, respectively. An impressive array of preclinical studies has demonstrated prevent...

burkitt's lymphoma is a lymphatic tumor classified as non-hodgkin lymphoma with small non cleaved cells. the disease has an incidence of two cases per million patients in north america, and usually present with an intra-abdominal tumor, or enlarged cervical lymph nodes. massive amounts of peritoneal and plural fluid is rarely seen in these patients. a three year-old girl presented with massive ...

We examined the three-dimensional changes of the lymphatic architecture in the rabbit VX2 tongue cancer model after administration ofan antiangiogenic agent, TNP-470. TNP-470 at 30 mg/kg was administered via the auricular vein to the rabbit four times every other day from 3 days after transplantation of the tumor. The tongue and both sides ofdeep cervical lymph nodes of rabbit were observed at ...

Tumors must invade lymph nodes to become metastatic, but how the tumor cells make this trip is not completely clear. On page 1089, Hirakawa and colleagues show that a tumor-derived growth factor stimulates the formation of new lymphatic vessels in the nearby lymph node, even before any tumor cells arrive. This suggests that the tumor may instruct the lymph node to prepare for its arrival. Stimu...

The presence of tumor cells in lymph nodes (LNs) is a sign that metastatic spread of cancer has occurred, and it also signals poor prognosis for patients with cancer. However, it is uncertain whether the lymphatic vasculature is a route for the further dissemination of tumor cells to distant organs or whether that primarily occurs through direct entry of tumor cells into blood vessels. Until re...