The Malmquist bias in luminosity distances for gaussian standard candles is discussed within cosmological models where the Euclidean r3-law for volumes and r−2-law for fluxes is not valid. Furthermore, the influence of K-corrections and luminosity evolution are analyzed. It is noted that the usual way of comparing theoretical predictions and data points in the Hubble diagram (log z vs. m) shoul...

Research on the land use efficiency of rural living spaces is at the core of conflicts about current rural land use and ecological environment construction in China. It can be effectively dealt with through the rational and healthy use of rural land, by promoting sustainable development and urban and rural coordination. Building on the foundation of ecosystem metabolism and sustainable developm...

This study set out to analyses rice total factor productivity in Nigeria ecological zones and the growth trend from 1996 to 2010. Statistical information on domestic and imported quantities of rice was obtained for 15 years (1996 to 2010) from the AGROSTAT system of the statistical division of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Federal Ministry of Agriculture statistical bulletins, Ce...

The data envelopment analysis (DEA) based Malmquist productivity index measures the productivity change over time. It can be further decomposed into two components: the change in efficiency and the technical change. In this study, a specific road safety outputoriented DEA-based Malmquist productivity index is introduced to assess the changes in road safety performance of 26 EU countries from 20...

This paper aims at comparing results between the circular Malmquist index (CMI) and the variable returns to scale Malmquist index (VRS-MI) from an even panel data. Based on the ground theory, the study purposefully uses comparative discussion on above mentioned methods. The contribution of the paper is on applied feature of using different methods at the same data set. The results of the study ...

Nowadays the extent of productivity of Decision Making Units (DMUs) in future has a significant importance. One of the different types of calculating profitability of units is Malmq uist productivity index. All approaches presented so far calculate this index in present or past time using deterministic data. In this paper, a new approach based on DEA is presented for estimating Malmquist index ...

We propose a dynamic DEA model involving network structure in each period within the framework of a slacks-based measure approach. We have previously published the network SBM (NSBM) and the dynamic SBM (DSBM) models separately. Hence, this article is a composite of these two models. Vertically, we deal with multiple divisions connected by links of network structure within each period and, hori...

Data Envelopment Analysis is a linear programming technique for assessing the efficiency and productivity of decision making units (DMUs). Over the last decade, DEA has gained considerable attention as a managerial tool for measuring performance. The flexibility in selecting the weights in standard DEA models deters the comparison among DMUs on a common base. Moreover, these weights are unsuita...

The influence of Malmquist bias on the studies of extragalactic distances is reviewed, with brief glimpses of the history from Kapteyn to Scott. Special attention is paid to two kinds of biases, for which the names Malmquist biases of the first and second kind are proposed. The essence of these biases and the situations where they occur are discussed. The bias of the first kind is related to th...