background : health policy makers are concerned about protecting people from catastrophic health expenditures and subsequent impoverishment. this study aimed to describe the magnitude and distribution of catastrophic health expenditures in kermanshah western iran. methods : in this descriptive study, during may 2008, 189 households were chosen by “systematic random sampling” among the commu...

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalis aspek hukum HAK MUT’AH DAN NAFKAH IDDAH DALAM PERKARA CERAI GUGAT (Study Putusan Pengadilan Agama Rantauprapat) . bersifat Normatif Empiris yakni penelitian dengan melihat kondisi yang ada dilapangan mengkaitkan sumber peraturan - berlaku di Negara Republik Indonesia. Manfaat akan diterima dari hasil adalah mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaturan tentang...

in today’s very competitive world gaining competitive advantage is bound to arranging products and services of companies and businesses in accordance with customers’ needs. for this purpose, gaining reputation in e-service can be quite helpful. thus the goal of the present research is studying the effect of e-banking service quality on bank reputation. so a coherent collection of structures wer...

For banks and financial institutions, credit risk had been an essential factor that needed to be managed well. Credit risk was the possibility that a borrower of counter party would fail to meet its obligations in accordance with agreed terms. Credit risk; therefore arise from the bank’s dealings with or lending to corporate, individuals, and other banks or financial institutions.  Credit risk...

for banks and financial institutions, credit risk had been an essential factor that needed to be managed well. credit risk was the possibility that a borrower of counter party would fail to meet its obligations in accordance with agreed terms. credit risk; therefore arise from the bank’s dealings with or lending to corporate, individuals, and other banks or financial institutions.  credit risk...

BACKGROUND Fairness in financial contribution for health was determined by WHO (World Health Report, 2000) as the third goal of health systems which is measured by fairness in financial contribution index (FFCI). The aim of this study was to estimate FFCI and quantify extent of catastrophic household heath expenditures. METHODS We conducted a descriptive study during May 2008. Subjects were c...

By a \tree-bank grammar" we mean a context-free grammar created by reading the production rules directly from hand-parsed sentences in a tree bank. Common wisdom has it that such grammars do not perform well, though we know of no published data on the issue. The primary purpose of this paper is to show that the common wisdom is wrong. In particular we present results on a tree-bank grammar base...

and Headnote We put “runs” back in the bank runs literature. A unified bank, one that invests in both liquid and illiquid assets, can easily avoid runs but it still faces a small probability of non-run rationing of depositors. In a separated financial system, the bank only holds relatively liquid assets; it is subject to runs with small probability, but because of its overinvestment in the liqu...

The presence of moral hazard in the banking sector can have worrying results. This paper examines the role of government guarantees to banks in generating moral hazard in Iran. We test for moral hazard among bank creditors by determining whether protected banks received more funds from creditors than non-protected banks. Empirically, to determine the existence of moral hazard among bank manag...

We study the Diamond-Dybvig [3] model as developed in Green and Lin [5] and Peck and Shell [7]. We dispense with the notion of a bank as a coalition of depositors. Instead, our bank is a self-interested agent with a technological advantage in recordkeeping. We examine the implications of the resulting agency problem for the design of bank contracts and the possibility of bank-run equilibria. Fo...