Understanding rumen–reticulum fill dynamics gives us insight into how environmental conditions influence animal behaviors that affect when animals access forage. We examined whether there were daytime declines in rumen–reticulum fill in response to high ambient temperatures in free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmermann, 1780)) on a diurnal scale. We hypothesized that to ...

Search for an adapted forage species for feed production under existing marginal lands and harsh conditions is needed to overcome sever feed shortage in Egypt. Sesbania, Sesbania aegyptiaca (Sesbania sesban, L) has shown potential for forage production and being included in grazing systems, especially on marginal lands and salt–affected soils. An experiment was conducted in the summer of 2004 a...

objective: the aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of hypertension and type ii diabetes in elderly iranianresidents of the kahrizak charity foundation(kcf). materials and methods: in this cross-sectional study, a total of two hundred sixty eight men and women ≥60 years were studied. the data were collected during annual health examination of the elderly residents in kcf. ...

This study investigated co-liquefaction of microalgae (Chlorella pyrenoidosa, CP) and lignocellulosic biomass (Rice husk, RH) in subcritical water for bio-oil production. The effects of liquefaction temperature (200-350°C), residence time (10-90min), solid concentration (10-30wt.%) and mass ratio of CP/RH on product distribution were investigated. The results showed that the highest yield of bi...

in this study, the diffusivity and volumetric mass transfer coefficients for the extraction of β-carotene from crude palm oil using co2 solvent in supercritical fluid were determined in the pressure range of 7.5-17.5 mpa and temperature range of 80-120 ºc. for this purpose, a statistical method was applied in order to minimize the number of experiments required. the volumetric mass transfer coe...

The present paper addresses two crucial features in the industrial development of fructose production by enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin: the use of immobilized biocatalyst in the hydrolysis of crude extracts of chicory roots and the evaluation of the effect of degree of polymerization of inulin on the overall reaction rate. The immobilized biocatalyst consisted of inulinase covalently bound to ...

The authors attempted to determine if the organic sulfur compounds usually contained in a crude oil could serve as a marker of oil pollution in fish. Eels (Anguilla Japonica Temminck et Schlegel) were maintained in a controlled laboratory environment of water with a suspension of crude oil. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and mass chromatography of eel flesh extract showed the presence of ...

A heavy crude oil has been treated with deuterated alkylating reagents (CD₃I and C₂D₅I) and directly analyzed without any prior fractionation and chromatographic separation by high-field Orbitrap Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry (FTMS) and Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) using electrospray ionization (ESI). The reaction of a polycyclic aromatic sulfur ...