The continuous volcanic and seismic activity at Mount Etna makes this volcano an important laboratory for seismological and geophysical studies. We used repeated three-dimensional tomography to detect variations in elastic parameters during different volcanic cycles, before and during the October 2002-January 2003 flank eruption. Well-defined anomalous low P- to S-wave velocity ratio volumes we...

In order to examine the potential of seismology to determine the interior structure and properties of Europa, it is essential to calculate seismic velocities and attenuation for the range of plausible interiors. We calculate a range of models for the physical structure of Europa, as constrained by the satellite’s composition, mass, and moment of inertia. We assume a water-ice shell, a pyrolitic...

The major element composition, including two kinds of clay minerals and moisture content of sound-producing sand are reported for the first time. Sand from 33 beaches in Japan has been found to make sound. Ten sound-producing beaches were selected to compare with silent beach sand. Both sound-producing sand and silent beach sand are mostly composed of quartz and feldspar. The range of SiO2 cont...

This study compared the effects of a whey-rich diet (20 g/100 g diet), with that of Purina mouse chow or casein-rich diet (20 g/100 g diet), on the liver and heart glutathione content and on the survival of old male C57BL/6NIA mice. The study was performed during a limited observation period of 6.3 months. In mice fed the whey protein-rich diet between 17 months and 20 months of age, the heart ...

This study was an attempt to examine the phenotypic, genetic, and environmental correlations between percent fat mass (PFM) and bone parameters, especially hip geometry, among 786 males and 618 females aged 13 to 21 years from a Chinese twin cohort. PFM, bone area (BA), bone mineral content (BMC), cross-sectional area (CSA), and section modulus (SM) were obtained by dual-energy X-ray absorptiom...

we chose Sn10Bi, Sn10Bi10In, Sn20Bi, and Sn20Bi20In (numbers are in weight percent) rapidly solidified from melt using melt-spinning technique for intermediate –step soldering. We then investigated the structure, electrical and mechanical properties of the melt-spun ribbons using x-ray diffraction, double bridge circuit, dynamic resonance technique, and Vickers microhardeness tester. It was con...

OBJECTIVE Precordial ECGs reveal significant intrasubject variability due to the inexact employment of the recommended V(1)-V(6) chest landmarks. Also, as per the Einthoven law, the six limb leads can be derived from leads 1 and 2. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the 12-lead ECG could be substituted by ECG sets with a limited number of leads. MATERIALS AND METHODS The perfor...

Biogeochemical and stable carbon isotopic analysis of black-shale sequences deposited during an Albian oceanic anoxic event (approximately 112 million years ago) indicate that up to 80 weight percent of sedimentary organic carbon is derived from marine, nonthermophilic archaea. The carbon-13 content of archaeal molecular fossils indicates that these archaea were living chemoautotrophically. The...

The waste X-ray/ photographic films contain 1.5 2 % (w/w) black metallic silver which is recovered and reused. Around 18-20% of the world's silver needs are supplied by recycling photographic waste. Since silver is linked to gelatin in the emulsion layer, it is possible to break the same and release the silver using proteolytic enzymes. Alkaline protease from Conidiobolus coronatus was investig...

The Moon is generally anhydrous, yet the Deep Impact spacecraft found the entire surface to be hydrated during some portions of the day. Hydroxyl (OH) and water (H2O) absorptions in the near infrared were strongest near the North Pole and are consistent with <0.5 weight percent H2O. Hydration varied with temperature, rather than cumulative solar radiation, but no inherent absorptivity differenc...