BACKGROUND Several studies about humans and animals have separately examined the effects of prenatal nutrition and stress on fetal development, pregnancy, and birth outcomes, and subsequent child health and disease risk. Although substantial evidence from non-pregnant literature supports the presence of bidirectional interactions between nutrition and stress at various psychological, behavioral...

Rationale Birthweight is one of the most sensitive – and also one of the most important – measures of the well-being of children. Weight at birth is directly influenced by the general level of health status of the mother. In developing countries, especially, maternal nutrition is one of the most important determinants of birthweight. Three aspects are of particular importance: inadequate matern...

Maternal Employment and Childhood Obesity in China: Evidence from the China Health and Nutrition Survey Using five waves from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), we investigate the association between maternal employment and obesity in children aged 3–17 in both rural and urban China. Using BMI and waist circumference as measures for pediatric adiposity, we provide scant evidence for ...

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objective: to compare maternal complications and labor outcome in obese and non-obese women. materials and methods: it is a retrospective comparative study conducted at the department of obstetrics and gynecology, unit 1, civil hospital, karachi from december 2008 to december 2009. a sample size of 220 gravid women is selected by non probability convenience sampling technique. in these 110 obes...

In this review, the authors summarize current knowledge on maternal nutritional requirements during pregnancy, with a focus on the nutrients that have been most commonly investigated in association with birth outcomes. Data sourcing and extraction included searches of the primary resources establishing maternal nutrient requirements during pregnancy (e.g., Dietary Reference Intakes), and search...

Edwards, L. J., J. R. McFarlane, K. G. Kauter, and I. C. McMillen. Impact of periconceptional nutrition on maternal and fetal leptin and fetal adiposity in singleton and twin pregnancies. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 288: R39–R45, 2005. First published June 10, 2004; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00127.2004.—It has been proposed that maternal nutrient restriction may alter the functional develo...

maternal iodine nutrition, and more recently, adequate maternal thyroid hormone is necessary during and after pregnancy to ensure the health of the mother and her offspring. Adequate maternal iodine nutrition must be maintained during pregnancy to meet the increased demand for thyroid hormone production that occurs with pregnancy. Maternal iodine supplies in the United States and in most of the...

It has been proposed that maternal nutrient restriction may alter the functional development of the adipocyte and the synthesis and secretion of the adipocyte-derived hormone, leptin, before birth. We have investigated the effects of restricted periconceptional undernutrition and/or restricted gestational nutrition on fetal plasma leptin concentrations and fetal adiposity in late gestation. The...

Introduction: The Philippines’ Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey (CLHNS) is one of the longest running birth cohort studies in Southeast Asia. This paper illustrates the pathways through which maternal and infant nutrition influence later health outcomes using selected CLHNS findings. Methods: The CLHNS initially examined the determinants and consequences of low birth weight and ear...