The maxillary first premolar is the most commonly bi- rooted tooth with occasional presentation of three roots system; it is a transitional tooth between incisors and molars. Although it usually has two canals, it may rarely have three and this third canal can easily be missed. Thus meticulous knowledge of tooth morphology, careful interpretation of angled radiographs, proper access cavity prep...

OBJECTIVE The primary aim of the study was to generate new prediction equations for the estimation of maxillary and mandibular canine and premolar widths based on mandibular incisors and first permanent molar widths. METHODS A total of 2,340 calculations (768 based on the sum of mandibular incisor and first permanent molar widths, and 1,572 based on the maxillary and mandibular canine and pre...

objectives : anterior maxilla, known as the esthetic zone, plays an important role in facial and smile esthetics. this study assessed the frequency of implant treatments in the esthetic zone of patients presenting to dental implant department of tehran university during 2002-2012. materials and methods: this descriptive study was conducted on dental records of patients receiving implant treatme...

OBJECTIVE Orthodontic mini-implants (OMI) generate various horizontal and vertical force vectors and moments according to their insertion positions. This study aimed to help select ideal biomechanics during maxillary incisor retraction by varying the length in the anterior retraction hook (ARH) and OMI position. METHODS Two extraction models were constructed to analyze the three-dimentional f...

Transposition of teeth is a severe problem, which usually affects the cuspid-first premolar area. It is frequently associated with other dental anomalies such as tooth agenesis, peg-shaped maxillary lateral incisors, retained deciduous teeth, malpositions of the adjacent teeth and other teeth malformations. This paper describes the orthodontic management with fixed appliances of a case of bilat...

OBJECTIVE To determine the internal root morphology of the maxillary first premolar in Kenyans of African descent. DESIGN In vitro descriptive cross-sectional study. SETTING School of Dental Sciences, University of Nairobi. SUBJECTS One hundred and fifty five extracted maxillary first premolars obtained from patients aged between 13-30 years attending dental clinics within Nairobi. RESU...

AIM To describe vascular anatomy of the maxillary sinus in dentate specimens dissected from human cadavers. METHODS Twenty dentate maxillary specimens were dissected, anatomically prepared, and injected with liquid latex for a better visualization of the maxillary sinus artery. RESULTS We found an intraosseous anastomosis in 100% and an extraosseous anastomosis in 90% of the cases. The ante...

Introduction: Anterior middle superior alveolar (AMSA) block is a nerve block technique in conjunction with computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery (CCLAD) system. Anterior middle superior alveolar produces local anesthesia (LA) to the maxillary teeth from second premolar to the central incisor including the hard palate and corresponding soft-tissue of both buccal and palatal side, with s...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this prospective, randomized, double-blind study was to compare the anesthetic efficacy of 4% articaine and 2% lidocaine (both with 1:100,000 epinephrine) for buccal infiltration in patients experiencing irreversible pulpitis in maxillary posterior teeth. STUDY DESIGN Forty patients with irreversible pulpitis in first premolar or first molar were divided into 4 study ...