The conditional diameter Dν of a digraph G measures how far apart a pair of vertex sets V1 and V2 can be in such a way that the minimum out-degree and the minimum in-degree of the subdigraphs induced by V1 and V2, respectively, are at least ν. Thus, D0 is the standard diameter and D0 ≥ D1 ≥ . . . ≥ Dδ, where δ is the minimum degree. We prove that if Dν ≤ 2` − 3, where ` is a parameter related t...

Let G = (V,E) be a multigraph (it has multiple edges, but no loops). We call G maximally edge-connected if λ(G) = δ(G), and G super edge-connected if every minimum edge-cut is a set of edges incident with some vertex. The restricted edgeconnectivity λ′(G) of G is the minimum number of edges whose removal disconnects G into non-trivial components. If λ′(G) achieves the upper bound of restricted ...

Let G = (V, A) be a digraph with diameter D 6= 1. For a given integer 2 ≤ t ≤ D, the t-distance connectivity κ(t) of G is the minimum cardinality of an x → y separating set over all the pairs of vertices x, y which are at distance d(x, y) ≥ t. The t-distance edge connectivity λ(t) of G is defined similarly. The t-degree of G, δ(t), is the minimum among the out-degrees and in-degrees of all vert...

Let D be a locally finite, connected, 1-arc transitive digraph. It is shown that the reachability relation is not universal in D provided that the stabilizer of an edge satisfies certain conditions which seem to be typical for highly arc transitive digraphs. As an implication, the reachability relation cannot be universal in highly arc transitive digraphs with prime inor out-degree. Two differe...

‎In this paper we defined the vertex removable cycle in respect of the following‎, ‎if $F$ is a class of graphs(digraphs)‎ ‎satisfying certain property‎, ‎$G in F $‎, ‎the cycle $C$ in $G$ is called vertex removable if $G-V(C)in in F $.‎ ‎The vertex removable cycles of eulerian graphs are studied‎. ‎We also characterize the edge removable cycles of regular‎ ‎graphs(digraphs).‎    

For a subset S of edges in a connected graph G, the set S is a k-restricted edge cut if G− S is disconnected and every component of G− S has at least k vertices. The k-restricted edge connectivity of G, denoted by λk(G), is defined as the cardinality of a minimum k-restricted edge cut. A connected graph G is said to be λk-connected if G has a k-restricted edge cut. Let ξk(G) = min{|[X, X̄ ]| : |...

In this paper, we present new incremental algorithms for maintaining data structures that represent all connectivity cuts of size one in directed graphs (digraphs), and the strongly connected components that result by the removal of each of those cuts. We give a conditional lower bound that provides evidence that our algorithms may be tight up to a sub-polynomial factors. As an additional resul...

A virus is a local configuration that, if present in a graph or a digraph, forbids these graphs or digraphs to have a specific property. The aim of this article is to sketch the evolution of the virus theory from its birth in 1991. Moreover some new results and open questions are given. The properties with its known viruses, that will be discussed in this work, are the following: hamiltonian, t...

In 1980 Piere Duchet conjectured that odd directed cycles are the only edge minimal kernel-less connected digraphs i.e. in which after the removal of any edge a kernel appears. Although this conjecture was disproved recently by Apartsin, Ferapontova and Gurvich (1996), the following modiication of Duchet's conjecture still holds: odd holes (i.e. odd non-directed chordless cycles of length 5 or ...