The Montreal Protocol was signed 25 years ago. As a result, the irreversible destruction of the ozone layer was prevented. However, stratospheric ozone will not recover completely until 2060 and the consequent epidemic in skin cancer cases will persist until 2100. Many millions of patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have safely switched from chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)-p...

BACKGROUND Inhalation is the preferred route for respiratory drug delivery, but several factors contribute to the variability of the respirable dose fraction. Instant velocity and the dynamic characteristics of the droplet cloud represent crucial factors. Aim was to measure and compare the instant velocity and the consistency of emitted cloud from five different MDIs (A - Salbutamol sulphate 10...

61 The Chinese Journal of Dental Research implants (MDIs) may offer an additional option to fix the prosthesis, even though they are not yet widely used and tested. Facial defects including nasal mucous tissues show high sensitivity to minor irritations. Irritation of this tissue can occur when in intimate contact with the prosthetic material. The purpose of this case report is to demonstrate t...

OBJECTIVES Most obstructive airway disease medications are used via inhalers, and their proper use is significant for effectively treating these diseases. patients misuse it. However, some studies showed that many physicians also do not know the meter dose inhaler with spacer technique. This study aimed to assess metered-dose inhalers technique among postgraduate trainee doctors. METHODOLOGY cr...

OBJECTIVE To compare the incremental cost and effects (averted admission) of using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) against wet nebulization to deliver bronchodilators for the treatment of mild to moderately severe asthma in pediatric emergency departments (EDs). METHODS We measured the incremental cost-effectiveness from the perspective of the hospital, by creating a model using outcome characte...

Range queries over multidimensional data are an important part of database workloads in many applications. Their execution may be accelerated by using multidimensional index structures (MDIS), such as kd-trees or R-trees. As for most index structures, the usefulness of this approach depends on the selectivity of the queries, and common wisdom told that a simple scan beats MDIS for queries acces...

We investigated the neural processing of binary gustatory mixtures of amino acids by the facial taste system of the channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. In vivo electrophysiological recordings indicated that the magnitude of both integrated and single-unit facial taste responses to binary mixtures of amino acids was greatest if the components bound to independent receptor sites. Facial taste r...

As a direct-acting inhibitor of CYP2C19 in vitro, lansoprazole is more potent than omeprazole and other proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), but lansoprazole does not cause clinically significant inhibition of CYP2C19 whereas omeprazole does. To investigate this apparent paradox, we evaluated omeprazole, esomeprazole, R-omeprazole, lansoprazole, and pantoprazole for their ability to function as direc...

BACKGROUND Using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) beyond the labeled number of actuations may result in inadequate dosing of medication, which can lead to poor clinical outcomes. This study compared respiratory-related emergency department (ED) visit rates in patients with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or both when they used albuterol MDIs with versus without dose counters. METHO...